Jiang Qingru, Li Tian, Chen Wei, Huo Yingfang, Mou Xiangyu, Zhao Wenjing
Center for Infection and Immunity Studies, School of Medicine, Shenzhen Campus of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, China.
Front Microbiol. 2022 Nov 4;13:955297. doi: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.955297. eCollection 2022.
The microbiota plays a crucial role in individuals' early and long-term health. Previous studies indicated that the microbial regulation of health may start before birth. As the environment is (nearly) sterile, the regulation is probably be originated from maternal microbiota and mediated by their metabolites transferred across the placenta. After the birth, various metabolites are continuously delivered to offspring through human milk feeding. Meanwhile, some components, for example, human milk oligosaccharides, in human milk can only be fermented by microbes, which brings beneficial effects on offspring health. Hence, we speculated that human milk-derived metabolites may also play roles in microbial regulation. However, reports between maternal-associated microbial metabolites and offspring diseases are still lacking and sparsely distributed in several fields. Also, the definition of the maternal-associated microbial metabolite is still unclear. Thus, it would be beneficial to comb through the current knowledge of these metabolites related to diseases for assisting our goals of early prediction, early diagnosis, early prevention, or early treatment through actions only on mothers. Therefore, this review aims to present studies showing how researchers came to the path of investigating these metabolites and then to present studies linking them to the development of offspring asthma, type 1 diabetes mellitus, food allergy, neonatal necrotizing enterocolitis, or autism spectrum disorder. Potential English articles were collected from PubMed by searching terms of disease(s), maternal, and a list of microbial metabolites. Articles published within 5 years were preferred.
微生物群在个体的早期和长期健康中起着至关重要的作用。先前的研究表明，微生物对健康的调节可能在出生前就开始了。由于子宫内环境（几乎）无菌，这种调节可能源于母体微生物群，并由它们通过胎盘转移的代谢产物介导。出生后，各种代谢产物通过母乳喂养持续传递给后代。同时，母乳中的一些成分，例如母乳低聚糖，只能被微生物发酵，这对后代健康产生有益影响。因此，我们推测母乳衍生的代谢产物可能也在微生物调节中发挥作用。然而，关于母体相关微生物代谢产物与后代疾病之间的报道仍然缺乏，并且在几个领域中分布稀疏。此外，母体相关微生物代谢产物的定义仍不明确。因此，梳理这些与疾病相关的代谢产物的现有知识，对于通过仅针对母亲的行动来辅助我们实现早期预测、早期诊断、早期预防或早期治疗的目标将是有益的。因此，本综述旨在介绍研究人员是如何走上研究这些代谢产物的道路的，然后介绍将它们与后代哮喘、1型糖尿病、食物过敏、新生儿坏死性小肠结肠炎或自闭症谱系障碍的发展联系起来的研究。通过搜索疾病、母体和一系列微生物代谢产物的术语，从PubMed收集了潜在的英文文章。优先选择5年内发表的文章。
