Marti Luisa, Puertas Rosa
Group of International Economics and Development, Universitat Politècnica de València, Camino de Vera S/N, 46022 Valencia, Spain.
Environ Dev Sustain. 2022 Nov 9:1-20. doi: 10.1007/s10668-022-02749-x.
COVID-19 has had serious consequences for world food security; lockdowns and social distancing have led to changes in global food value chains, primarily affecting the poorest of the planet. The aim of this research is to analyse the relationship between food insecurity and the structural risk factors for adverse impacts of COVID-19. To that end, 12 contingency tables are constructed to identify the association between the pillars of the food insecurity index and the INFORM COVID-19 Risk Index. We use the Gamma coefficient as a measure of association. In addition, this paper proposes a synthetic index produced by applying the TOPSIS method, using the pillars of the two aforementioned indices (criteria) to establish a ranking of 112 countries (alternatives) ordered from highest to lowest risk faced in the key year of the pandemic, 2020. The results show that the two problems are connected, indicating to international organizations that countries with worse food insecurity will suffer more serious consequences from extreme situations such as the one experienced during the pandemic. The ranking established directs international organizations' attention to countries such as Haiti, Zambia and Burundi, highlighting their greater need for an injection of financial aid than other emerging economies. Conversely, Switzerland is the country with the lowest combined risk.
新冠疫情对全球粮食安全造成了严重影响；封锁措施和社交距离导致全球粮食价值链发生变化，主要影响了地球上最贫困的人群。本研究旨在分析粮食不安全与新冠疫情负面影响的结构性风险因素之间的关系。为此，构建了12个列联表，以确定粮食不安全指数的各个支柱与“INFORM新冠疫情风险指数”之间的关联。我们使用伽马系数作为关联度的度量。此外，本文提出了一个综合指数，该指数通过应用TOPSIS方法得出，利用上述两个指数（标准）的各个支柱，对112个国家（备选方案）进行排名，按照在疫情关键年份2020年面临的风险从高到低排序。结果表明，这两个问题相互关联，向国际组织表明，粮食不安全状况较差的国家将在诸如疫情期间经历的极端情况下遭受更严重的后果。所建立的排名使国际组织将注意力转向海地、赞比亚和布隆迪等国家，突出了这些国家比其他新兴经济体更迫切需要注入财政援助。相反，瑞士是综合风险最低的国家。
