Mori Hideki, Verbeure Wout, Tanemoto Rina, Sosoranga Emily Ruilova
Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium; Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine, Keio University School of Medicine, Japan.
Translational Research Center for Gastrointestinal Disorders, KU Leuven, Leuven, Belgium.
Peptides. 2023 Feb;160:170905. doi: 10.1016/j.peptides.2022.170905. Epub 2022 Nov 24.
Motilin is a gastrointestinal hormone secreted by the duodenum. This peptide regulates a characteristic gastrointestinal contraction pattern, called the migrating motor complex, during the fasting state. Motilin also affects the pressure of the lower esophageal sphincter, gastric motility and gastric accommodation in the gastrointestinal tract. Furthermore, motilin induces bile discharge into the duodenum by promoting gallbladder contraction, pepsin secretion in the stomach, pancreatic juice and insulin secretion from the pancreas. In recent years, it has been shown that motilin is associated with appetite, and clinical applications are expected for diseases affected by food intake, e.g. obesity, by regulating motilin levels. Gastric acid and bile are the two major physiological regulators for motilin release. Caloric foods have varying effects on motilin levels, depending on their composition. Among non-caloric foods, bitter substances reduce motilin levels and are therefore expected to have an appetite-suppressing effect. Various motilin receptor agonists and antagonists have been developed but have yet to reach clinical use.
胃动素是一种由十二指肠分泌的胃肠激素。这种肽在禁食状态下调节一种特征性的胃肠收缩模式，即移行性运动复合波。胃动素还会影响食管下括约肌压力、胃肠动力以及胃肠道中的胃容纳功能。此外，胃动素通过促进胆囊收缩诱导胆汁排入十二指肠，促进胃蛋白酶分泌、胰腺分泌胰液以及胰腺分泌胰岛素。近年来，研究表明胃动素与食欲相关，有望通过调节胃动素水平对受食物摄入影响的疾病（如肥胖症）进行临床应用。胃酸和胆汁是胃动素释放的两种主要生理调节因子。高热量食物根据其成分对胃动素水平有不同影响。在无热量食物中，苦味物质会降低胃动素水平，因此有望具有抑制食欲的作用。已经开发出各种胃动素受体激动剂和拮抗剂，但尚未进入临床应用阶段。
