Ratnaparkhi Anuradha, Sudhakaran Jyothish
Department of Developmental Biology, MACS-Agharkar Research Institute, Pune, India.
Savitribai Phule Pune University, Pune, India.
Front Physiol. 2022 Nov 11;13:1002183. doi: 10.3389/fphys.2022.1002183. eCollection 2022.
Nutrient sensing and metabolic homeostasis play an important role in the proper growth and development of an organism, and also in the energy intensive process of reproduction. Signals in response to nutritional and metabolic status is received and integrated by the brain to ensure homeostasis. In , the fat body is one of the key organs involved in energy and nutrient sensing, storage and utilization. It also relays the nutritional status of the animal to the brain, activating specific circuits which modulate the synthesis and release of insulin-like peptides to regulate metabolism. Here, we review the molecular and cellular mechanisms involved in nutrient sensing with an emphasis on the neural pathways that modulate this process and discuss some of the open questions that need to be addressed.
营养感知和代谢稳态在生物体的正常生长发育以及能量消耗巨大的繁殖过程中发挥着重要作用。大脑接收并整合响应营养和代谢状态的信号以确保稳态。在[具体情境未提及]中，脂肪体是参与能量和营养感知、储存及利用的关键器官之一。它还将动物的营养状态传递给大脑，激活特定回路，这些回路调节胰岛素样肽的合成与释放以调节代谢。在此，我们综述营养感知所涉及的分子和细胞机制，重点关注调节这一过程的神经通路，并讨论一些有待解决的开放性问题。
