最近从苏丹进口到埃及的骆驼中 和 的血清流行率：全球系统评价。
Seroprevalence of and in camels recently imported to Egypt from Sudan and a global systematic review.
机构信息
Division of Internal Medicine, Department of Animal Medicine, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt.
Doctor of Veterinary Sciences, Veterinary Clinic, Eterinary Directorate, Qena, Egypt.
出版信息
Front Cell Infect Microbiol. 2022 Nov 14;12:1042279. doi: 10.3389/fcimb.2022.1042279. eCollection 2022.
INTRODUCTION
Toxoplasma gondii and Neospora caninum are closely related intracellular protozoan parasites of medical and veterinary concern by causing abortions and systemic illness. Limited or ambiguous data on the prevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum in camels triggered us to conduct this study.
METHODS
Camels (n = 460) recently imported from Sudan and destined mainly for human consumption, were tested for specific antibodies against these protozoans using commercially available ELISAs. From the two only quarantine stations for camels from Sudan, 368 camels were sampled between November 2015 and March 2016 in Shalateen, Red Sea governorate, and 92 samples were collected between September 2018 and March 2021 from Abu Simbel, Aswan governorate.
RESULTS & DISCUSSION: Overall, seropositive rates in camels were 25.7%, 3.9% and 0.8% for T. gondii, N. caninum and mixed infection, respectively. However, marked differences were found between the two study sites and/or the two sampling periods: For T. gondii, a higher rate of infection was recorded in the Red Sea samples (31.5%, 116/368; odds ratio 20.7, 5.0-85.6; P<0.0001) than in those collected in Aswan (2.2%, 2/92). The opposite was found for N. caninum with a lower rate of infection in the Red Sea samples (0.82%, 3/368; odds ratio 23.7, 6.7-83.9; P<0.0001) than in the samples from Aswan (16.3%, 15/92). Additionally, our systematic review revealed that the overall published seroprevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum was 28.6% and 14.3% in camels worldwide, respectively. To the best of our knowledge, this study provides the first record of seroprevalence of both T. gondii and N. caninum in recently imported camels kept under quarantine conditions before delivery to other Egyptian cities and regions. In addition, our review provides inclusive data on the prevalence of T. gondii and N. caninum in camel globally. This knowledge provides basic data for the implementation of strategies and control measures against neosporosis and toxoplasmosis.
简介
刚地弓形虫和新生隐球菌都是与医学和兽医相关的密切相关的细胞内原生动物寄生虫，可导致流产和全身疾病。由于关于骆驼中刚地弓形虫和新生隐球菌的流行率的有限或模糊数据，促使我们进行了这项研究。
方法
最近从苏丹进口的、主要供人类食用的骆驼（n=460），使用市售的 ELISA 检测这些原生动物的特异性抗体。从苏丹仅有的两个骆驼隔离站中，于 2015 年 11 月至 2016 年 3 月在红海省的 Shalateen 采样 368 份，于 2018 年 9 月至 2021 年 3 月在阿斯旺省的阿布辛贝勒采样 92 份。
结果与讨论
总体而言，刚地弓形虫、新生隐球菌和混合感染的骆驼血清阳性率分别为 25.7%、3.9%和 0.8%。然而，两个研究地点和/或两个采样期间存在明显差异：对于刚地弓形虫，红海样本的感染率更高（31.5%，116/368；优势比 20.7，5.0-85.6；P<0.0001），而阿斯旺样本的感染率较低（2.2%，2/92）。新生隐球菌的情况则相反，红海样本的感染率较低（0.82%，3/368；优势比 23.7，6.7-83.9；P<0.0001），而阿斯旺样本的感染率较高（16.3%，15/92）。此外，我们的系统评价显示，全球范围内骆驼的刚地弓形虫和新生隐球菌的总发表血清阳性率分别为 28.6%和 14.3%。据我们所知，本研究首次记录了在运往埃及其他城市和地区之前，在检疫条件下饲养的最近进口骆驼中，刚地弓形虫和新生隐球菌的血清阳性率。此外，我们的综述提供了关于全球范围内骆驼中刚地弓形虫和新生隐球菌流行率的综合数据。这些知识为实施针对新孢子虫病和弓形虫病的策略和控制措施提供了基本数据。
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