Tumor Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Promote the Growth, Metastasis and Chemoresistance in Cholangiocarcinoma by Delivering microRNA-210 to Downregulate RECK.

The development of cholangiocarcinoma (CCA) can be regulated by extracellular vesicles (EVs). In this study, we intend to investigate whether tumor cell-derived EVs delivering microRNA (miR)-210 affect CCA development, involved with reversion-inducing-cysteine-rich protein with kazal motifs (RECK). In silico analysis was performed for identifying differentially expressed miRs and the downstream target genes. The CCA related microarray GSE77984 was used to verify the expression of the target genes in CCA tissue samples. Targeting relationship between miR-210 and RECK was assayed. EVs were extracted from CCA cells, followed by co-culture with CCA cells. The in vitro and in vivo roles of tumor cell-derived EVs on the growth and metastasis of CCA cells were assayed. Upregulated miR-210 and downregulated RECK were found in CCA. CCA cells could uptake tumor cell-derived EVs, and the EVs could promote their migration, invasion, and chemoresistance. RECK expression could be target and inhibited by miR-210. It was further confirmed in vivo that miR-210 shuttled by tumor cell-derived EVs could specifically inhibit RECK expression, which promotes growth, metastasis and chemoresistance of CCA cells. Our current study highlighted that tumor cell-derived EVs could deliver miR-210 to CCA cells, where miR-210 specifically decreases RECK expression, which facilitates growth, metastasis and chemoresistance in CCA.