Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia.
Borneo Medical and Health Research Centre, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Malaysia, Sabah, Kota Kinabalu, Malaysia.
Malar J. 2022 Dec 6;21(1):373. doi: 10.1186/s12936-022-04339-8.
In the last decade Plasmodium knowlesi has been detected in humans throughout South East Asia. The highest risk groups for this infection are males, adults and those performing forest-related work. Furthermore, asymptomatic cases of P. knowlesi malaria have been reported including among women and children.
Pubmed, Scopus and the Web of Science databases for literature describing asymptomatic P. knowlesi malaria published between 2010 and 2020 were searched. A systematic literature review was conducted to identify studies reporting the prevalence and incidence of laboratory confirmed asymptomatic P. knowlesi cases in humans, their clinical and demographic characteristics, and methods used to diagnose these cases.
By analysing over 102 papers, thirteen were eligible for this review. Asymptomatic P. knowlesi infections have been detected in 0.03%-4.0% of the population depending on region, and infections have been described in children as young as 2 years old. Various different diagnostic methods were used to detect P. knowlesi cases and there were differing definitions of asymptomatic cases in these studies. The literature indicates that regionally-differing immune-related mechanisms may play a part on the prevalence of asymptomatic P. knowlesi.
Differing epidemiological characteristics of asymptomatic P. knowlesi malaria in different regions reinforces the need to further investigate disease transmission mechanics. Effective public health responses to changes in P. knowlesi epidemiology require proactive intervention and multisectoral collaboration.
在过去的十年中，疟原虫 knowlesi 已在整个东南亚的人类中被检测到。感染该疾病的最高风险人群为男性、成年人和从事与森林相关工作的人。此外，已报告无症状疟原虫 knowlesi 疟疾病例，包括妇女和儿童。
检索了描述 2010 年至 2020 年间无症状疟原虫 knowlesi 疟疾的文献，使用 Pubmed、Scopus 和 Web of Science 数据库。进行了系统的文献综述，以确定报告实验室确诊的无症状疟原虫 knowlesi 病例在人类中的流行率和发生率、临床和人口统计学特征以及用于诊断这些病例的方法的研究。
通过分析超过 102 篇论文，其中 13 篇符合本综述的要求。根据地区的不同，无症状疟原虫感染率在 0.03%-4.0%之间，在年龄仅为 2 岁的儿童中也有感染的描述。使用了各种不同的诊断方法来检测疟原虫病例，并且在这些研究中对无症状病例的定义也有所不同。文献表明，区域免疫相关机制的差异可能在无症状疟原虫 knowlesi 的流行率中起作用。
不同地区无症状疟原虫 knowlesi 疟疾的不同流行病学特征表明，需要进一步研究疾病传播机制。有效应对疟原虫 knowlesi 流行病学变化需要积极干预和多部门合作。
