Near East University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Nutrition and Dietetics, Cyprus.
Near East University, Faculty of Health Sciences, Department of Health Management, Cyprus.
J Prev Med Hyg. 2022 Oct 17;63(2 Suppl 3):E74-E80. doi: 10.15167/2421-4248/jpmh2022.63.2S3.2749. eCollection 2022 Jun.
Globally, the second most common mortality reason is cancer. There are two types of risk factors for cancer: intrinsic (unmodifiable) and non-intrinsic (modifiable). Bad lifestyle behaviors are among the exogenous non-intrinsic risk factors that can be related to 30-50% of cancer development risk, among which can be counted the Western lifestyle. On the contrary, a potentially good lifestyle model to prevent cancer is the Mediterranean diet (MD), which is a plant-based nutrition model. The Mediterranean diet includes many beneficial nutrients and nutritional substances, such as dietary fibers, fatty acids, anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory substances, etc. Among these beneficial substances, an important group is the one composed by polyphenols, the most common plant-synthesized secondary metabolites. Being a plant-based nutrition model, the Mediterranean diet provides many polyphenols, such as resveratrol, quercetin, phenolic acids, catechins, anthocyanins, oleocanthal, oleuropein, rosmarinic acid, gallic acid, hesperidin, naringenin, ellagic acid, etc. These substances show anti-proliferative, pro-apoptotic, anti-inflammatory, anti-oxidant, anti-migration, anti-angiogenic, anti-metastatic, and autophagy stimulator effects, which can potentially reduce cancer development risk, as was shown by some in vivo and in vitro studies on this topic. In this review of the literature we shed light on the effects and potential interactions between the Mediterranean diet polyphenols and cancer development.
在全球范围内，癌症是第二大常见的死亡原因。癌症有两种风险因素：内在（不可改变）和非内在（可改变）。不良的生活方式行为是外源性非内在风险因素之一，它可能与 30-50%的癌症发展风险有关，其中包括西方生活方式。相反，一种潜在的预防癌症的良好生活方式模型是地中海饮食（MD），这是一种基于植物的营养模式。地中海饮食包括许多有益的营养物质和营养物质，如膳食纤维、脂肪酸、抗氧化和抗炎物质等。在这些有益物质中，一个重要的物质组是由多酚组成的，多酚是最常见的植物合成的次生代谢物。作为一种基于植物的营养模式，地中海饮食提供了许多多酚，如白藜芦醇、槲皮素、酚酸、儿茶素、花青素、橄榄苦苷、橄榄苦苷、迷迭香酸、没食子酸、橙皮苷、柚皮苷、鞣花酸等。这些物质具有抗增殖、促凋亡、抗炎、抗氧化、抗迁移、抗血管生成、抗转移和自噬刺激作用，这可能降低癌症发展的风险，一些关于这个主题的体内和体外研究已经证明了这一点。在对文献的综述中，我们强调了地中海饮食多酚与癌症发展之间的作用和潜在相互作用。
