Department of Commodity, Quality Assessment, Process Engineering and Human Nutrition, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Ul. Kazimierza Królewicza 4 St., 71-550 Szczecin, Poland.
Department of Microbiology and Applied Biotechnology, Faculty of Food Sciences and Fisheries, West Pomeranian University of Technology in Szczecin, Ul. Papieża Pawła VI St., 71-459 Szczecin, Poland.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 24;19(23):15598. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315598.
Ballast water is a vector for the transfer of microorganisms between ecospheres that can subsequently have a negative impact on native species of aquatic fauna. In this study, we determined the microbiota and selected physicochemical properties of ballast water from long- and short-range ships entering a southern Baltic port within a large estuary in autumn and winter (Police, Poland). Microbiological tests of the ballast water samples were carried out according to ISO 6887-1, and physicochemical tests were performed according to standard methods. Low amounts of oxygen (1.6-3.10 mg/dm3 in autumn and 0.60-2.10 mg/dm3 in winter) were recorded in all ship ballast water samples, with pH (above 7.90) and PSU (above 1.20) were higher than in the port waters. Yeast, mold, bacteria (including ), and halophilic bacteria as well as lipolytic, amylolytic, and proteolytic bacteria were found in the ballast water samples. Heterotrophic bacteria and mold fungi (log. 2.45-3.26) dominated in the autumn period, while bacteria (log. 3.32-4.40) dominated in the winter period. In addition, the ballast water samples taken during the autumn period were characterized by a statistically significantly higher ( < 0.1) abundance of microorganisms (log 1.97-2.55) than in the winter period (log 1.39-2.27).
压载水是微生物在生态区之间转移的载体，随后可能对水生动物的本地物种产生负面影响。在这项研究中，我们确定了进入波罗的海南部港口的长距离和短距离船舶的压载水中的微生物群和选定的理化特性，该港口位于一个大型河口内，在秋季和冬季（波兰警察）。根据 ISO 6887-1 对压载水样本进行了微生物测试，根据标准方法进行了理化测试。在所有船舶压载水样本中，均记录到低氧含量（秋季为 1.6-3.10mg/dm3，冬季为 0.60-2.10mg/dm3），pH 值（高于 7.90）和 PSU（高于 1.20）均高于港口水域。在压载水样本中发现了酵母、霉菌、细菌（包括）和嗜盐细菌以及脂肪酶、淀粉酶和蛋白酶细菌。在秋季期间，异养细菌和霉菌真菌（log. 2.45-3.26）占主导地位，而在冬季期间， 细菌（log. 3.32-4.40）占主导地位。此外，在秋季采集的压载水样本中的微生物丰度（log 1.97-2.55）比冬季（log 1.39-2.27）显著更高（ < 0.1）。
