Occupational and Environmental Health Unit, Kedah State Health Department, Jalan Kuala Kedah, Simpang Kuala, Alor Setar 05400, Kedah, Malaysia.
Centre for Occupational Health Research, Institute for Public Health, Blok B5 & B6, Kompleks NIH, No. 1, Jalan Setia Murni U13/52, Seksyen U13 Bandar Setia Alam, Shah Alam 40170, Selangor, Malaysia.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Nov 24;19(23):15601. doi: 10.3390/ijerph192315601.
This study aimed to examine the characteristics of HCWs infected with COVID-19 and factors associated with healthcare-associated infection. A cross-sectional study, using secondary data of COVID-19 HCW cases from a registry developed by the Occupational and Environmental Health Unit (OEHU) in Kedah State Health Department, Malaysia, was analysed using Excel and STATA version 14.0. Descriptive analysis and multiple logistic regression were conducted to identify the factors for healthcare-associated COVID-19 infection. A total of 1679 HCWs tested positive for COVID-19 between 1 January 2021 and 19 September 2021. The infection was mainly non-healthcare-associated (67.0%), with healthcare-associated cases contributing to only 33% of the cases. The significant factors associated with healthcare-associated transmission were the following: doctor (aOR = 1.433; 95% CI = 1.044, 1.968), hospital setting (aOR = 1.439; 95% CI = 1.080, 1.917), asymptomatic (aOR = 1.848; 95% CI = 1.604, 2.130), incompletely or not vaccinated (aOR = 1.400; 95% CI = 1.050, 1.866) and CT-value ≥ 30 (aOR = 2.494; 95% CI = 1.927, 3.226). Identifying factors of healthcare-associated infection would help in planning control measures preventing healthcare-associated transmission in the workplace. However, more than half of COVID-19 cases among HCWs involved non-healthcare-associated COVID-19 infection, and, thus, requires further study to identify high-risk behaviours.
本研究旨在探讨感染 COVID-19 的医护人员的特征以及与医源性感染相关的因素。这是一项使用马来西亚吉打州卫生部职业与环境卫生单位（OEHU）开发的登记处中 COVID-19 医护人员病例的二级数据进行的横断面研究，使用 Excel 和 STATA 版本 14.0 进行分析。使用描述性分析和多逻辑回归来确定医源性 COVID-19 感染的因素。在 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 2021 年 9 月 19 日期间，共有 1679 名医护人员的 COVID-19 检测呈阳性。感染主要是非医源性的（67.0%），医源性病例仅占病例的 33%。与医源性传播相关的显著因素如下：医生（aOR = 1.433；95%CI = 1.044，1.968）、医院环境（aOR = 1.439；95%CI = 1.080，1.917）、无症状（aOR = 1.848；95%CI = 1.604，2.130）、不完全或未接种疫苗（aOR = 1.400；95%CI = 1.050，1.866）和 CT 值≥30（aOR = 2.494；95%CI = 1.927，3.226）。确定医源性感染的因素有助于制定控制措施，防止工作场所发生医源性传播。然而，医护人员中 COVID-19 病例的一半以上涉及非医源性 COVID-19 感染，因此需要进一步研究以确定高危行为。
