Department of Community Health, Faculty of Medicine, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
Pejabat Kesihatan Cheras, Aras 3, Klinik Kesihatan Cheras, Jalan Yaakob Latif, Cheras, Kuala Lumpur, 56000, Malaysia.
Pan Afr Med J. 2022 Mar 24;41:243. doi: 10.11604/pamj.2022.41.243.33300. eCollection 2022.
healthcare workers (HCWs) are at high risk of acquiring COVID-19 occupational transmission and subsequently, exposing patients and others. This study aimed to determine the prevalence and examine the characteristics and predictors of HCWs with COVID-19 infection in a Malaysian district.
this is a cross-sectional study of HCWs working at Cheras District Health Office, with COVID-19 infection from 1 January to 31 October 2021. Data was obtained from the Occupational Safety and Health Unit which included variables of basic sociodemography, type of disease acquisition; healthcare-acquired (HA) or community-acquired (CA), and management outcome. Data was analysed descriptively and cases with type of disease acquisition were compared using logistic regression.
the prevalence of HCWs with COVID-19 was 17.4%. Majority aged 30-39, female gender and Malay ethnicity (51.7%, 60% and 91.7% respectively). Main comorbidities included hypertension (3.3%), diabetes mellitus (3.3%), both hypertension and diabetes mellitus (2.5%) and obesity (4.2%). Smokers, pregnant mothers and non-immunized made up only small proportions (4.2%, 4.2%, and 4% respectively). Paramedics were the most infected proportion (68.4%). About one third of cases managed COVID-19 patients directly (37.5%). Similar proportion had HA infection (29.2%). Smaller proportion (12.8%) needed hospitalization. The early source of infection was HA (January-April). Later, the trend shifted towards CA (May-October). Male gender (OR 3.22, 95% CI = 1.43 - 7.29, p<0.05), smoker (OR 10.84, 95% CI = 1.17 - 100.77, p<0.05), and those who manage COVID-19 cases were more likely to acquire occupational COVID-19 infection (OR 2.28, 95% CI = 1.02 - 5.09, p<0.05).
continuous occupational infectious disease control measures is necessary to reduce the disease burden. Future research on HCWs with COVID-19 infection with larger scale is recommended to determine the final model for predictors of infection.
医护人员（HCWs）感染 COVID-19 的职业传播风险较高，继而可能会感染患者和其他人。本研究旨在确定马来西亚某地区 HCWs 感染 COVID-19 的患病率，并探讨其特征和预测因素。
这是一项横断面研究，研究对象为 2021 年 1 月 1 日至 10 月 31 日期间在 Cheras 区卫生办公室工作的 HCWs，他们感染了 COVID-19。数据来自职业安全与健康部门，包括基本社会人口统计学、疾病获得类型（医院获得性 [HA]或社区获得性 [CA]）和管理结果等变量。数据采用描述性分析，比较了疾病获得类型的病例。
HCWs 感染 COVID-19 的患病率为 17.4%。大多数患者年龄在 30-39 岁之间，女性（60%）和马来族裔（91.7%）占多数。主要合并症包括高血压（3.3%）、糖尿病（3.3%）、高血压合并糖尿病（2.5%）和肥胖（4.2%）。吸烟者、孕妇和未接种疫苗的患者比例较小（分别为 4.2%、4.2%和 4%）。护士是感染比例最高的（68.4%）。约三分之一的病例直接管理 COVID-19 患者（37.5%）。比例相似的病例感染为医院获得性（29.2%）。较小比例（12.8%）需要住院治疗。早期感染源为医院获得性（1 月至 4 月）。后来，趋势转向社区获得性（5 月至 10 月）。男性（OR 3.22，95%CI = 1.43 - 7.29，p<0.05）、吸烟者（OR 10.84，95%CI = 1.17 - 100.77，p<0.05）和管理 COVID-19 病例的患者更有可能感染职业性 COVID-19（OR 2.28，95%CI = 1.02 - 5.09，p<0.05）。
需要持续采取职业传染病控制措施，以减轻疾病负担。建议对感染 COVID-19 的 HCWs 进行更大规模的研究，以确定感染预测因素的最终模型。
