Department of Physical Therapy, Catholic University of Pusan, 57 Oryundae-ro, Geumjeong-gu, Pusan 46252, Korea.
Department of Sports Science, University of Seoul, 163 Seoulsiripdae-ro, Dongdaemun-gu, Seoul 02504, Korea.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2022 Jul 27;19(15):9156. doi: 10.3390/ijerph19159156.
This study was conducted to investigate the changes in the autonomic nervous system in middle-aged women induced by aerobic and resistance exercise. A randomized controlled design was adopted; 22 premenopausal middle-aged women were divided into the resistance training and aerobic exercise groups (n = 11 each). Each group followed a specific 60 min exercise program three times a week for 12 weeks. The participants’ heart rate variability (HRV) was measured to analyze the low(LF)- and high-frequency (HF) activity, and the LF/HF ratio was calculated to examine the autonomic nervous system’s activities. A repeated-measures analysis of variance was used to analyze the effects of resistance and aerobic exercise. LF activity significantly increased in both the resistance training (p < 0.001) and aerobic exercise (p < 0.5) groups, indicating a significant variation according to time effect. HF activity was significantly increased only in resistance training (p < 0.001) with a significant variation in time (p < 0.001) and an interaction effect (p < 0.01). The LF/HF ratio did not vary significantly in either group. The findings in this study suggest that both aerobic exercise and resistance training were effective for sympathetic nerve activities in middle-aged women and that the effects on the sympathetic and parasympathetic activities were greater for resistance training.
本研究旨在探讨有氧运动和抗阻运动对中年女性自主神经系统的影响。采用随机对照设计，将 22 名绝经前的中年女性分为抗阻训练组和有氧运动组（每组 11 名）。两组均遵循特定的 60 分钟运动方案，每周 3 次，持续 12 周。测量参与者的心率变异性（HRV）以分析低频（LF）和高频（HF）活动，并计算 LF/HF 比值以评估自主神经系统活动。采用重复测量方差分析比较抗阻和有氧运动的效果。结果显示，两组的 LF 活动均显著增加（p < 0.001），表明存在时间效应的显著变化。仅在抗阻训练组中 HF 活动显著增加（p < 0.001），且存在时间（p < 0.001）和交互效应（p < 0.01）的显著变化。两组的 LF/HF 比值均无显著变化。本研究表明，有氧运动和抗阻运动均能有效增强中年女性的交感神经活动，且抗阻训练对交感和副交感神经活动的影响更大。
