The National Engineering Laboratory for Crop Molecular Breeding, Institute of Crop Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100081, China.
Int J Mol Sci. 2022 Nov 30;23(23):15047. doi: 10.3390/ijms232315047.
The development of Fusarium head blight (FHB)-resistant winter wheat cultivars using the gene Fhb1 has been conducted in northern China. Sumai 3, a Chinese FHB-resistant spring wheat cultivar, carries three FHB resistance genes: Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5. To better use these genes for increasing FHB resistance in northern China, it is necessary to elucidate the pyramiding effects of Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5 in winter wheat backgrounds. Eight gene combinations involving Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5 were identified in a double haploid (DH) population, and the effects on FHB resistance were evaluated in six tests. At the single gene level, Fhb1 was more efficient than the other two genes in single-floret inoculation tests, whereas Fhb5 showed better resistance than Fhb1 and Fhb2 under a natural infection test. Pyramiding Fhb1, Fhb2 and Fhb5 showed better FHB resistance than the other gene combinations. Forty-nine DH lines showing consistently better resistance than the moderately susceptible control Huaimai 20 in multiple tests were evaluated for main agronomic traits, and no difference in grain yield was found between the mean values of DH lines and the recipient parents Lunxuan 136 and Lunxuan 6, which are higher than those of recipient parent Zhoumai 16 and the donor parent Sumai 3 (p < 0.05). Based on the phenotypic and genomic composition analyses, five promising DH lines fully combined the FHB resistance of donor Sumai 3 and the elite agronomic traits from the recipient parents. This study elucidates the pyramiding effects of three FHB resistance genes and that the promising DH lines with resistance to FHB can be directly applied in wheat production or as parents in winter wheat breeding programs.
中国北方利用基因 Fhb1 培育了抗镰刀菌穗腐病（FHB）的冬小麦品种。中国春小麦品种“Sumai 3”携带三个 FHB 抗性基因：Fhb1、Fhb2 和 Fhb5。为了更好地利用这些基因提高中国北方的 FHB 抗性，有必要阐明 Fhb1、Fhb2 和 Fhb5 在冬小麦背景下的聚合效应。在一个双单倍体（DH）群体中鉴定出了 8 种涉及 Fhb1、Fhb2 和 Fhb5 的基因组合，并在 6 次测试中评估了它们对 FHB 抗性的影响。在单基因水平上，在单花接种试验中，Fhb1 比其他两个基因更有效，而在自然感染试验中，Fhb5 比 Fhb1 和 Fhb2 表现出更好的抗性。聚合 Fhb1、Fhb2 和 Fhb5 表现出比其他基因组合更好的 FHB 抗性。在多次测试中，49 个 DH 系比中感对照品种“淮麦 20”表现出更好的抗性，对其主要农艺性状进行了评估，发现 DH 系的平均值与受体亲本轮选 136 和轮选 6 之间没有差异，而轮选 136 和轮选 6 的平均值均高于受体亲本周麦 16 和供体亲本“Sumai 3”（p<0.05）。基于表型和基因组组成分析，发现 5 个有前途的 DH 系完全结合了供体“Sumai 3”的 FHB 抗性和受体亲本的优良农艺性状。本研究阐明了三个 FHB 抗性基因的聚合效应，并且具有 FHB 抗性的有前途的 DH 系可以直接应用于小麦生产或作为冬小麦育种计划的亲本。
