Baek Seul Gi, Park Jin Ju, Kim Sosoo, Lee Mi-Jeong, Paek Ji-Seon, Choi Jangnam, Jang Ja Yeong, Kim Jeomsoon, Lee Theresa
Microbial Safety Division, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Wanju 55365, Korea.
Plant Pathol J. 2022 Dec;38(6):637-645. doi: 10.5423/PPJ.OA.09.2022.0130. Epub 2022 Dec 1.
Fusarium head blight (FHB) is one of the most serious diseases in barley and wheat, as it is usually accompanied by the production of harmful mycotoxins in the grains. To identify FHB-resistant breeding resources, we evaluated 60 elite germplasm accessions of barley (24) and wheat (36) for FHB and mycotoxin accumulation. Assessments were performed in a greenhouse and five heads per accession were inoculated with both Fusarium asiaticum (Fa73, nivalenol producer) and F. graminearum (Fg39, deoxynivalenol producer) strains. While the accessions varied in disease severity and mycotoxin production, four wheat and one barley showed <20% FHB severity repeatedly by both strains. Mycotoxin levels in these accessions ranged up to 3.9 mg/kg. FHB severity was generally higher in barley than in wheat, and Fa73 was more aggressive in both crops than Fg39. Fg39 itself, however, was more aggressive toward wheat and produced more mycotoxin in wheat than in barley. FHB severity by Fa73 and Fg39 were moderately correlated in both crops (r = 0.57/0.60 in barley and 0.42/0.58 in wheat). FHB severity and toxin production were also correlated in both crops, with a stronger correlation for Fa73 (r = 0.42/0.82 in barley, 0.70 in wheat) than for Fg39.
小麦赤霉病（FHB）是大麦和小麦最严重的病害之一，因为它通常会伴随着谷物中产生有害的霉菌毒素。为了鉴定抗小麦赤霉病的育种资源，我们评估了60份大麦（24份）和小麦（36份）的优良种质资源对小麦赤霉病和霉菌毒素积累情况。在温室中进行评估，每个种质资源接种5个穗子，接种亚洲镰孢菌（Fa73，产雪腐镰刀菌烯醇）和禾谷镰孢菌（Fg39，产脱氧雪腐镰刀菌烯醇）菌株。虽然这些种质资源在病害严重程度和霉菌毒素产生方面存在差异，但有4份小麦和1份大麦被这两种菌株反复侵染后的小麦赤霉病严重程度均<20%。这些种质资源中的霉菌毒素水平最高可达3.9毫克/千克。大麦的小麦赤霉病严重程度一般高于小麦，并且Fa73在两种作物上比Fg39更具侵染性。然而，Fg39本身对小麦更具侵染性，并且在小麦中产生的霉菌毒素比在大麦中更多。Fa73和Fg39引起的小麦赤霉病严重程度在两种作物中呈中等程度相关（大麦中r = 0.57/0.60，小麦中r = 0.42/0.58）。小麦赤霉病严重程度和毒素产生在两种作物中也相关，Fa73的相关性比Fg39更强（大麦中r = 0.42/0.82，小麦中r = 0.70）。
