Peterson Alicia K, Eckel Sandrah P, Habre Rima, Yang Tingyu, Faham Dema, Amin Monica, Grubbs Brendan H, Farzan Shohreh F, Kannan Kurunthachalam, Robinson Morgan, Lerner Deborah, Al-Marayati Laila A, Walker Daphne K, Grant Edward G, Breton Carrie V, Bastain Theresa M
Department of Population and Public Health Sciences, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 1845 North Soto Street Suite 102, Los Angeles, CA 90032, USA.
Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, 2020 Zonal Ave, Los Angeles, CA 90033, USA.
Environ Adv. 2022 Oct;9. doi: 10.1016/j.envadv.2022.100286. Epub 2022 Sep 8.
Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are ubiquitous synthetic chemicals with long half-lives and are known to cross the placenta during pregnancy. We examined the influence of maternal PFAS levels on fetal growth trajectories and assessed whether maternal stress modified these associations.
Blood serum concentrations of five PFAS (PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA, PFDA) were measured in 335 prenatal specimens (mean gestational age (GA): 21±9 weeks) in the MADRES cohort. Fetal growth outcomes (head circumference (HC), abdominal circumference (AC), biparietal diameter (BPD), femur length (FL), and estimated fetal weight (EFW)) were abstracted from ultrasound medical records and measured at the 3rd trimester study visit ( = 833 scans, GA range 10-42 weeks, mean 2.4 scans/participant). Adjusted linear mixed models with a GA quadratic growth curve were used for each PFAS exposure and growth outcome. PFOS and PFHxS were modeled continuously (100% sample detection), while PFOA, PFNA, and PFDA were modeled categorically (57-70% sample detection). Scores on the Perceived Stress Scale (PSS) measured in pregnancy were dichotomized at the median (<13 vs. ≥ 13) in stratified models.
Participants were on average 29±6 years old and predominately Hispanic (76%). Median serum concentrations of PFOS, PFHxS, PFNA, PFOA and PFDA were 1.34, 1.10, 0.07, 0.12, and 0.04 ng/mL, respectively. Participants with detected PFOA concentrations had fetuses with -2.5 mm (95% CI -4.2, -0.8) smaller HC and-0.7 mm (95% CI -1.3, -0.2) smaller BPD on average for a fixed GA than those without detected PFOA concentrations. In models stratified by PSS level, the effects of PFOA on fetal growth parameters were stronger and only significant in participants with higher stress levels (HC: = -3.5, 95% CI -5.8, -1.4; BPD: = -0.8, 95% CI -1.6, -1.1).
Prenatal PFOA exposure adversely impacted fetal head biometric parameters in participants experiencing higher stress during pregnancy.
全氟烷基物质（PFAS）是普遍存在的合成化学品，半衰期长，已知在孕期会穿过胎盘。我们研究了母体PFAS水平对胎儿生长轨迹的影响，并评估母体压力是否会改变这些关联。
在MADRES队列的335份产前样本（平均孕周（GA）：21±9周）中测量了五种PFAS（全氟辛烷磺酸（PFOS）、全氟己烷磺酸（PFHxS）、全氟萘酸（PFNA）、全氟辛酸（PFOA）、全氟癸酸（PFDA））的血清浓度。胎儿生长结局（头围（HC）、腹围（AC）、双顶径（BPD）、股骨长度（FL）和估计胎儿体重（EFW））从超声医学记录中提取，并在孕晚期研究访视时测量（n = 833次扫描，GA范围10 - 42周，平均每位参与者2.4次扫描）。对每种PFAS暴露和生长结局使用带有GA二次生长曲线的调整线性混合模型。PFOS和PFHxS进行连续建模（样本检测率100%），而PFOA、PFNA和PFDA进行分类建模（样本检测率57 - 70%）。在分层模型中，将孕期测量的感知压力量表（PSS）得分在中位数处二分（<13与≥13）。
参与者平均年龄为29±6岁，主要为西班牙裔（76%）。PFOS、PFHxS、PFNA、PFOA和PFDA的血清中位数浓度分别为1.34、1.10、0.07、0.12和0.04 ng/mL。对于固定的GA，检测到PFOA浓度的参与者的胎儿平均HC比未检测到PFOA浓度的参与者小 - 2.5 mm（95%CI - 4.2， - 0.8），BPD小 - 0.7 mm（95%CI - 1.3， - 0.2）。在按PSS水平分层的模型中，PFOA对胎儿生长参数的影响更强，且仅在压力水平较高的参与者中显著（HC：β = - 3.5，95%CI - 5.8， - 1.4；BPD：β = - 0.8，95%CI - 1.6， - 0.1）。结论：孕期接触PFOA对孕期经历较高压力的参与者的胎儿头部生物测量参数产生不利影响。
