Meghana M C, Nandhini C, Benny Libina, George Louis, Varghese Anitha
Department of Chemistry, CHRIST (Deemed to be University), Hosur Road, Bengaluru, 560029 India.
Polym Bull (Berl). 2022 Dec 9:1-50. doi: 10.1007/s00289-022-04565-9.
Biodegradable polymers have emerged as fascinating materials due to their non-toxicity, environmentally benign nature and good mechanical strength. The toxic effects of non-biodegradable plastics paved way for the development of sustainable and biodegradable polymers. The engineering of biodegradable polymers employing various strategies like radical ring opening polymerization, enzymatic ring opening polymerization, anionic ring opening polymerization, photo-initiated radical polymerization, chemoenzymatic method, enzymatic polymerization, ring opening polymerization and coordinative ring opening polymerization have been discussed in this review. The application of biodegradable polymeric nanoparticles in the biomedical field and cosmetic industry is considered to be an emerging field of interest. However, this review mainly highlights the applications of selected biodegradable polymers like polylactic acid, poly(-caprolactone), polyethylene glycol, polyhydroxyalkanoates, poly(lactide-co-glycolide) and polytrimethyl carbonate in various fields like agriculture, biomedical, biosensing, food packaging, automobiles, wastewater treatment, textile and hygiene, cosmetics and electronic devices.
由于其无毒、环境友好的性质和良好的机械强度，可生物降解聚合物已成为引人关注的材料。不可生物降解塑料的毒性作用为可持续和可生物降解聚合物的发展铺平了道路。本综述讨论了采用各种策略制备可生物降解聚合物的方法，如自由基开环聚合、酶促开环聚合、阴离子开环聚合、光引发自由基聚合、化学酶法、酶促聚合、开环聚合和配位开环聚合。可生物降解聚合物纳米颗粒在生物医学领域和化妆品行业的应用被认为是一个新兴的研究领域。然而，本综述主要强调了所选可生物降解聚合物，如聚乳酸、聚（ε-己内酯）、聚乙二醇、聚羟基脂肪酸酯、聚（丙交酯-共-乙交酯）和聚碳酸三亚甲酯在农业、生物医学、生物传感、食品包装、汽车、废水处理、纺织与卫生、化妆品和电子设备等各个领域的应用。
