Beijing Municipal Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100069, China.
Department of Public Health, School of Medical and Health Sciences, Edith Cowan University, Perth, WA 6027, Australia.
Nutrients. 2022 Dec 12;14(24):5292. doi: 10.3390/nu14245292.
We aimed to examine the bidirectional associations between daytime napping duration and metabolic syndrome (MetS).
Using data from the China Health and Retirement Longitudinal Study from 2011 to 2015, modified Poisson regression models were performed to explore the longitudinal associations of baseline napping duration with the occurrence and remission of MetS. Generalized estimating equation was conducted to explore the association between baseline MetS status with subsequent changes in daytime napping duration. Cross-lagged panel analysis was performed to further verify their bidirectional relationships.
During the four-year follow-up, among 5041 participants without MetS at baseline, extended naps were significantly associated with MetS occurrence, compared with non-napping. This association was only significant in individuals with adequate night-time sleep duration or good sleep quality of the 2898 participants with MetS at baseline. Excessive napping duration may be not favorable for MetS remission especially for adequate night-time sleepers. With respect to reverse associations, baseline MetS status significantly increased the napping duration during the subsequent follow-up period. Finally, there were significant bidirectional cross-lagged associations between napping duration and MetS severity score after adjusting for all covariates.
Our study indicates bidirectional relationships exist between daytime napping duration and MetS. Interestingly, longer napping duration was detrimental to cardiometabolic health only in those with sufficient night-time sleep duration or good sleep quality.
本研究旨在探讨日间小睡时长与代谢综合征（MetS）之间的双向关联。
本研究使用了 2011 年至 2015 年中国健康与退休纵向研究的数据，采用修正泊松回归模型探讨基线小睡时长与 MetS 发生和缓解的纵向关联。采用广义估计方程探讨基线 MetS 状态与随后日间小睡时长变化之间的关系。进一步采用交叉滞后面板分析来验证两者的双向关系。
在四年的随访期间，在 5041 名基线时无 MetS 的参与者中，与不午睡相比，长时间午睡与 MetS 的发生显著相关。这种关联仅在基线时患有 MetS 的 2898 名参与者中夜间睡眠时间充足或睡眠质量良好的个体中具有统计学意义。过度的午睡时间可能不利于 MetS 的缓解，尤其是对于夜间睡眠时间充足的人。就反向关联而言，基线 MetS 状态显著增加了随后随访期间的午睡时长。最后，在调整了所有协变量后，午睡时长与 MetS 严重程度评分之间存在显著的双向交叉滞后关联。
本研究表明，日间小睡时长与 MetS 之间存在双向关系。有趣的是，只有在夜间睡眠时间充足或睡眠质量良好的人群中，较长的午睡时间才会对心血管代谢健康产生不利影响。
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