Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
Front Immunol. 2022 Dec 8;13:1041070. doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.1041070. eCollection 2022.
Diet strongly affects gut microbiota composition, and gut bacteria can influence the intestinal barrier functions and systemic inflammation through metabolic endotoxemia. In-house feeding system (IHF, a low dietary fiber source) may cause altered cecal microbiota composition and inflammatory responses in meat geese via increased endotoxemia (lipopolysaccharides) with reduced intestinal alkaline phosphatase (ALP) production. The effects of artificial pasture grazing system (AGF, a high dietary fiber source) on modulating gut microbiota architecture and gut barrier functions have not been investigated in meat geese. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate whether intestinal ALP could play a critical role in attenuating reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation and ROS facilitating NF-κB pathway-induced systemic inflammation in meat geese.
The impacts of IHF and AGF systems on gut microbial composition via 16 sRNA sequencing were assessed in meat geese. The host markers analysis through protein expression of serum and cecal tissues, hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, localization of NF-қB and Nrf2 by immunofluorescence analysis, western blotting analysis of ALP, and quantitative PCR of cecal tissues was evaluated.
In the gut microbiota analysis, meat geese supplemented with pasture showed a significant increase in commensal microbial richness and diversity compared to IHF meat geese demonstrating the antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory ability of the AGF system. A significant increase in intestinal ALP-induced Nrf2 signaling pathway was confirmed representing LPS dephosphorylation mediated TLR4/MyD88 induced ROS reduction mechanisms in AGF meat geese. Further, the correlation analysis of top 44 host markers with gut microbiota showed that artificial pasture intake protected gut barrier functions via reducing ROS-mediated NF-κB pathway-induced gut permeability, systemic inflammation, and aging phenotypes. In conclusion, the intestinal ALP functions to regulate gut microbial homeostasis and barrier function appear to inhibit pro-inflammatory cytokines by reducing LPS-induced ROS production in AGF meat geese. The AGF system may represent a novel therapy to counteract the chronic inflammatory state leading to low dietary fiber-related diseases in animals.
饮食强烈影响肠道微生物群落组成，而肠道细菌可以通过代谢内毒素血症影响肠道屏障功能和全身炎症。内部喂养系统（IHF，低膳食纤维来源）可能通过增加内毒素血症（脂多糖）并减少肠道碱性磷酸酶（ALP）的产生，导致肉鹅盲肠微生物群落组成和炎症反应改变。人工草地放牧系统（AGF，高膳食纤维来源）对调节肉鹅肠道微生物群落结构和肠道屏障功能的影响尚未在肉鹅中进行研究。因此，本研究旨在探讨肠道 ALP 是否可以在减轻活性氧（ROS）生成和 ROS 促进 NF-κB 通路诱导的全身炎症方面发挥关键作用。
通过 16sRNA 测序评估 IHF 和 AGF 系统对肉鹅肠道微生物组成的影响。通过血清和盲肠组织的蛋白质表达、苏木精和伊红（H&E）染色、NF-қB 和 Nrf2 的免疫荧光分析定位、ALP 的 Western blotting 分析和盲肠组织的定量 PCR 评估宿主标志物分析。
在肠道微生物组分析中，与 IHF 肉鹅相比，补充牧场的肉鹅共生微生物丰富度和多样性显著增加，表明 AGF 系统具有抗菌、抗氧化和抗炎能力。证实了肠道 ALP 诱导的 Nrf2 信号通路的显著增加，代表了 AGF 肉鹅中 LPS 去磷酸化介导 TLR4/MyD88 诱导的 ROS 减少机制。此外，与肠道微生物相关的前 44 个宿主标志物的相关分析表明，人工草地摄入通过减少 ROS 介导的 NF-κB 通路诱导的肠道通透性、全身炎症和衰老表型来保护肠道屏障功能。总之，肠道 ALP 调节肠道微生物群稳态和屏障功能的功能似乎通过减少 LPS 诱导的 ROS 产生来抑制促炎细胞因子，在 AGF 肉鹅中。AGF 系统可能代表一种新的治疗方法，以对抗导致与低膳食纤维相关疾病的动物慢性炎症状态。
