Department of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, College of Animal Science and Technology, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, China.
Henan Key Laboratory of Innovation and Utilization of Grassland Resources, Zhengzhou, China.
Microbiol Spectr. 2024 Oct 3;12(10):e0418823. doi: 10.1128/spectrum.04188-23. Epub 2024 Aug 27.
It is commonly accepted that dietary fibers are good for gut health. The effect of fibers on the diversity and metabolic activities of the cecal microflora, however, differ with the passage of time. Therefore, we investigated the time-series impacts of the pasture grazing system (a high dietary fiber source) on the cecal microbiome and short-chain fatty acids in Wanpu geese, comparing it to commercial feeding (a low dietary fiber source). The cecal microbiota composition and SCFA concentrations were evaluated by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and gas chromatography, respectively. We found that pasture produced a generally quick positive response to Bacteroidales, Lactobacillales, Gastranaerophilales (at 45 days), Lachnospirales, and Oscillospirales (at 60 days and 90 days) irrespective of Erysipelotrichales (at 45 days), , (at 60 days), Christensenellales, and Peptostreptococcales-Tissierellales (at 90 days) in geese. Meanwhile, we found that Lactobacillales, Gastranaerophilales, Lachnospirales, and Oscillospirales were significantly correlated with short-chain fatty acids in pasture grazing geese. Indeed, the correlation of cecal microbiota with SCFAs led to altered microbial functions evinced by COG; KEGG pathway levels 1, 2, and 3; BugBase; and FAPROTAX databases. This study emphasizes the importance of dietary fiber sources in influencing beneficial impacts in regulating geese microbiota homeostasis and metabolic functions such as energy and lipid metabolism.IMPORTANCELow dietary fiber diet sources cause gut microbial and short-chain fatty acid alterations that lead to compromised animal health. The establishment of an artificial pasture grazing system at the expense of ryegrass is a good source of dietary fiber for geese. Our results described the importance of pasture in maintaining the gut microbiota, SCFAs, and potential microbial functions reported by COG; KEGG pathway levels 1, 2, and 3; BugBase; and FAPROTAX databases.
人们普遍认为膳食纤维有益于肠道健康。然而，纤维对盲肠微生物区系的多样性和代谢活性的影响会随时间的推移而不同。因此，我们研究了放牧系统（高膳食纤维来源）对盲肠微生物组和短链脂肪酸的时间序列影响，并将其与商业饲料（低膳食纤维来源）进行了比较。通过 16S rRNA 基因测序和气相色谱法分别评估盲肠微生物群落组成和 SCFA 浓度。我们发现，无论埃希氏菌目（45 天）、梭菌目（60 天）和消化链球菌目（90 天）如何，放牧都会迅速对拟杆菌目、乳杆菌目、胃杆菌目（45 天）、毛螺菌目和螺旋体目（60 天和 90 天）产生正向影响，而肠球菌目（45 天）、拟杆菌目、梭菌目（60 天）、克里斯滕森菌目和消化链球菌目-真杆菌目（90 天）则不受影响。同时，我们发现乳杆菌目、胃杆菌目、毛螺菌目和螺旋体目与放牧鹅的短链脂肪酸呈显著相关。事实上，盲肠微生物群与 SCFA 的相关性导致了 COG、KEGG 途径水平 1、2 和 3、BugBase 和 FAPROTAX 数据库中微生物功能的改变。本研究强调了膳食纤维来源对调节鹅肠道微生物群平衡和代谢功能（如能量和脂质代谢）的重要性。
低膳食纤维饮食源会导致肠道微生物和短链脂肪酸的改变，从而损害动物健康。以黑麦草为代价建立人工牧场放牧系统是鹅的良好膳食纤维来源。我们的结果描述了牧场在维持肠道微生物群、SCFAs 和 COG、KEGG 途径水平 1、2 和 3、BugBase 和 FAPROTAX 数据库中报道的潜在微生物功能的重要性。
