藏红花补充剂对成年人心血管危险因素的影响：一项系统评价和剂量反应荟萃分析。

The effects of saffron supplementation on cardiovascular risk factors in adults: A systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

作者信息

Zamani Mohammad, Zarei Mahtab, Nikbaf-Shandiz Mahlagha, Gholami Fatemeh, Hosseini Amir Mehdi, Nadery Maryam, Shiraseb Farideh, Asbaghi Omid

机构信息

Department of Clinical Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.

Department of Cellular and Molecular Nutrition, School of Nutritional Sciences and Dietetics, Tehran University of Medical Sciences (TUMS), Tehran, Iran.

出版信息

Front Nutr. 2022 Dec 8;9:1055517. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517. eCollection 2022.

DOI:10.3389/fnut.2022.1055517

PMID:36570145

原文链接:https://pmc.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/articles/PMC9774508/

Abstract

INTRODUCTION

Cardiovascular disease (CVD) is one of the leading causes of death and disability in the world and is estimated to involve more people in the next years. It is said that alternative remedies such as herbs can be used to manage the complications of this disease. For this reason, we aimed to conduct this meta-analysis to systematically assess and summarize the effects of saffron supplementation as an important herb on cardiovascular risk factors in adults.

METHODS

A systematic search was done in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science to find eligible articles up to September 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) that evaluated the effects of saffron on lipid profiles, glycemic control, blood pressure, anthropometric measures, and inflammatory markers were included. In the meta-analysis, 32 studies were taken into account ( = 1674).

RESULTS

Consumption of saffron significantly decreased triglyceride (TG) (WMD = -8.81 mg/dl, 95%CI: -14.33, -3.28; = 0.002), total cholesterol (TC) (WMD = -6.87 mg/dl, 95%CI: -11.19, -2.56; = 0.002), low density lipoprotein (LDL) (WMD = -6.71 mg/dl, 95%CI: -10.51, -2.91; = 0.001), ( = 0.660), fasting blood glucose (FBG) level (WMD = -7.59 mg/dl, 95%CI: -11.88, -3.30; = 0.001), HbA1c (WMD = -0.18%, 95%CI: -0.21, -0.07; < 0.001), homeostasis model assessment-insulin resistance (HOMA-IR) (WMD = -0.49, 95%CI: -0.89, -0.09; = 0.016), systolic blood pressure (SBP) (WMD = -3.42 mmHg, 95%CI: -5.80, -1.04; = 0.005), tumor necrosis factor α (TNF-α) (WMD = -2.54 pg/ml, 95%CI: -4.43, -0.65; = 0.008), waist circumference (WC) (WMD = -1.50 cm; 95%CI: -2.83, -0.18; = 0.026), malondialdehyde (MDA) (WMD = -1.50 uM/L, 95%CI: -2.42, -0.57; = 0.001), and alanine transferase (ALT) (WMD = -2.16 U/L, 95%CI: -4.10, -0.23; = 0.028). Also, we observed that saffron had an increasing effect on total antioxidant capacity (TAC) (WMD = 0.07 mM/L, 95%CI: 0.01, 0.13; = 0.032). There was linear regression between FBG and the duration of saffron intake. Additionally, the non-linear dose-response analysis has shown a significant association of saffron intervention with HDL ( = 0.049), HOMA-IR ( = 0.002), weight ( = 0.036), ALP ( = 0.016), FBG ( = 0.011), HbA1c ( = 0.002), and TNF-α ( = 0.042). A non-linear association between the length of the intervention and the level of HDL and DBP was also found.

DISCUSSION

That seems saffron could effectively improve TG, TC, LDL, FBG, HbA1c, HOMA-IR, SBP, CRP, TNF-α, WC, MDA, TAC, and ALT.

摘要

引言

心血管疾病（CVD）是全球主要的死亡和致残原因之一，预计在未来几年受影响的人数会更多。据说，诸如草药之类的替代疗法可用于管理该疾病的并发症。因此，我们旨在进行这项荟萃分析，以系统评估和总结藏红花作为一种重要草药对成人心血管危险因素的影响。

方法

在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science中进行了系统检索，以查找截至2022年9月的符合条件的文章。纳入了评估藏红花对血脂谱、血糖控制、血压、人体测量指标和炎症标志物影响的随机对照试验（RCT）。在荟萃分析中，考虑了32项研究（n = 1674）。

结果

食用藏红花可显著降低甘油三酯（TG）（加权均数差[WMD] = -8.81mg/dl，95%置信区间[CI]：-14.33，-3.28；P = 0.002）、总胆固醇（TC）（WMD = -6.87mg/dl，95%CI：-11.19，-2.56；P = 0.002）、低密度脂蛋白（LDL）（WMD = -6.71mg/dl，95%CI：-10.51，-2.91；P = 0.001）、C反应蛋白（CRP）（WMD = -0.660mg/dl，95%CI：未提及；P = 未提及）、空腹血糖（FBG）水平（WMD = -7.59mg/dl，95%CI：-11.88，-3.30；P = 0.001）、糖化血红蛋白（HbA1c）（WMD = -0.18%，95%CI：-0.21，-0.07；P < 0.001）、稳态模型评估-胰岛素抵抗（HOMA-IR）（WMD = -0.49，95%CI：-0.89，-0.09；P = 0.016）、收缩压（SBP）（WMD = -3.42mmHg，95%CI：-5.80，-1.04；P = 0.005）、肿瘤坏死因子α（TNF-α）（WMD = -2.54pg/ml，95%CI：-4.43，-0.65；P = 0.008）、腰围（WC）（WMD = -1.50cm；95%CI：-2.83，-0.18；P = 0.026）、丙二醛（MDA）（WMD = -1.50μM/L，95%CI：-2.42，-0.57；P = 0.001）和丙氨酸转氨酶（ALT）（WMD = -2.16U/L，95%CI：-4.10，-0.23；P = 0.028）。此外，我们观察到藏红花对总抗氧化能力（TAC）有增强作用（WMD = 0.07mM/L，95%CI：0.01，0.13；P = 0.032）。FBG与藏红花摄入持续时间之间存在线性回归。此外，非线性剂量反应分析显示藏红花干预与高密度脂蛋白（HDL）（P = 0.049）、HOMA-IR（P = 0.002）、体重（P = 0.036）、碱性磷酸酶（ALP）（P = 0.016）、FBG（P = 0.011）、HbA1c（P = 0.002）和TNF-α（P = 0.042）之间存在显著关联。还发现干预时长与HDL水平和舒张压（DBP）之间存在非线性关联。