探索伊朗护理教师、管理人员、新毕业护士和学生对护理实习计划实施的体验：一项描述性定性研究。
Exploring nursing faculty, managers, newly graduated nurses, and students' experiences of nursing internship program implementation in Iran: a descriptive qualitative study.
作者信息
Shahzeydi Amir, Taleghani Fariba, Moghimian Maryam, Farzi Sedigheh, Yazdannik Ahmadreza, Farzi Kolsoum
机构信息
Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
Nursing and Midwifery Care Research Centre, Department of Adult Health Nursing, Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran.
出版信息
BMC Nurs. 2022 Dec 27;21(1):371. doi: 10.1186/s12912-022-01159-8.
BACKGROUND
Nursing students are required to acquire the necessary clinical knowledge and skills to provide safe and quality care. The method of providing training, particularly for final-year nursing students, is of utmost importance. An internship is a program during which students work in shifts similar to nurses employed in a hospital; however, the number of their shifts and patients is less than nurses; a nurse and the faculty supervise the care they provide, and they are paid a monthly salary. This study was conducted to explore nursing faculty, managers, new graduates, and students' experiences of nursing internship program implementation.
METHODS
This descriptive qualitative study was conducted from November 2021 to March 2022. The participants were selected from among nursing managers, newly graduated nurses, nursing internship students (final-year undergraduate), and faculty of Iran. Data were collected using in-depth semi-structured interviews. The qualitative content analysis approach was used for data analysis.
RESULTS
Participants in this study included 17 nursing internship students, 12 nursing managers, three faculty members, ten nursing preceptors, and five newly graduated nurses from the internship program, 47 participants in total. After analyzing the data, five themes, including 'facilitation of socialization process,' 'filling the gap between theory and practice,' 'improving self-confidence and independence,' 'an opportunity for clinical skill training,' and 'Achilles' heel of the clinical setting,' and nineteen subthemes were extracted from the participants' experiences.
CONCLUSION
Implementation of an internship program for final-year nursing students plays a role in preparing them for better professional performance, enhancing clinical skills, increasing self-confidence and independence, inspiring the nursing profession, strengthening professional commitment, and improving the chances of employment after graduation. In order to alleviate the identified challenges of the internship program, holding a briefing meeting with managers, supervisors, and faculty to determine working hours, performance standards, and amenities such as lunch, dinner, and resting place is efficient.
背景
护理专业学生需要掌握必要的临床知识和技能，以提供安全且高质量的护理服务。提供培训的方法，尤其是针对护理专业最后一年学生的培训方法，至关重要。实习是一项学生按班次工作的计划，类似于医院聘用的护士；然而，他们的班次数量和护理的患者数量比护士少；有一名护士和教员监督他们提供的护理工作，并且会给他们支付月薪。本研究旨在探索护理教员、管理人员、应届毕业生以及学生对护理实习计划实施的体验。
方法
这项描述性定性研究于2021年11月至2022年3月进行。参与者从伊朗的护理管理人员、新毕业护士、护理实习学生（本科最后一年）和教员中选取。通过深入的半结构化访谈收集数据。采用定性内容分析法进行数据分析。
结果
本研究的参与者包括17名护理实习学生、12名护理管理人员、3名教员、10名带教护士以及5名来自实习计划的应届毕业护士，总共47名参与者。分析数据后，从参与者的体验中提取出了五个主题，包括“促进社会化进程”“填补理论与实践之间的差距”“增强自信和独立性”“临床技能培训的机会”以及“临床环境的致命弱点”，还有19个子主题。
结论
为护理专业最后一年学生实施实习计划有助于让他们为更好的专业表现做好准备，提升临床技能，增强自信和独立性，激发对护理专业的热情，强化职业承诺，并提高毕业后的就业机会。为了缓解实习计划中发现的挑战，与管理人员、监督人员和教员召开简报会，以确定工作时间、绩效标准以及诸如午餐、晚餐和休息场所等便利设施是有效的。
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