China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing, China.
Department of Respiratory and Critical Medicine, Chinese People's Liberation Army General Hospital, Beijing, China.
Sci Total Environ. 2023 Feb 25;861:160566. doi: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.160566. Epub 2022 Nov 28.
Perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate are common thyroid disruptors in daily life and alter testosterone levels in animals. However, little is known about the effects of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate on serum total testosterone (TT) in the general population. The study was designed to assess the associations between urinary levels of perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate and serum total testosterone (TT) in the general population. The present study utilized data from the 2011-2016 National Health and Nutritional Examination Survey (NHANES). A total of 6201 participants aged 6-79 with information on urinary perchlorate, nitrate, thiocyanate, and serum total testosterone were included. We conducted multiple linear regression models and Bayesian Kernel Machine Regression (BKMR) models to estimate the associations by sex-age groups. Children (ages 6-11) have higher levels of perchlorate and nitrate than the rest. After adjusting for covariates, urinary perchlorate was significantly negatively associated with serum TT in male adolescents (β = -0.1, 95 % confidence interval: -0.2, -0.01) and female children [-0.13, (-0.21, -0.05)]. Urinary nitrate was significantly negatively associated with serum TT in female children, while urinary thiocyanate was significantly positively associated with serum TT in female adults aged 20 to 49 [0.05 (0.02, 0.08)]. BKMR analysis indicated that no other interactions were found between urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate. Our findings suggested that urinary perchlorate, nitrate, and thiocyanate levels may relate to serum total testosterone levels in specific sex-age groups. We identified male adolescents and female children as are most sensitive subgroups where testosterone is susceptible to interference.
高氯酸盐、硝酸盐和硫氰酸盐是日常生活中常见的甲状腺干扰物，会改变动物的睾丸酮水平。然而，人们对高氯酸盐、硝酸盐和硫氰酸盐对普通人群血清总睾丸酮（TT）的影响知之甚少。本研究旨在评估普通人群尿液中高氯酸盐、硝酸盐和硫氰酸盐水平与血清总睾丸酮（TT）之间的关系。本研究利用了 2011-2016 年全国健康与营养调查（NHANES）的数据。共纳入了 6201 名年龄在 6-79 岁、有尿液高氯酸盐、硝酸盐、硫氰酸盐和血清总睾丸酮信息的参与者。我们通过性别-年龄组进行了多元线性回归模型和贝叶斯核机器回归（BKMR）模型来估计相关性。儿童（6-11 岁）的高氯酸盐和硝酸盐水平高于其他年龄段。在调整了混杂因素后，尿液高氯酸盐与男性青少年的血清 TT 呈显著负相关（β=-0.1，95%置信区间：-0.2，-0.01），与女性儿童呈负相关[-0.13，（-0.21，-0.05）]。尿液硝酸盐与女性儿童的血清 TT 呈显著负相关，而尿液硫氰酸盐与 20-49 岁的女性成人的血清 TT 呈显著正相关[0.05（0.02，0.08）]。BKMR 分析表明，尿液高氯酸盐、硝酸盐和硫氰酸盐之间没有发现其他相互作用。我们的研究结果表明，尿液中高氯酸盐、硝酸盐和硫氰酸盐的水平可能与特定性别-年龄组的血清总睾丸酮水平有关。我们发现男性青少年和女性儿童是睾丸酮最敏感的亚组，容易受到干扰。
