Jozefiakova Bibiána, Kascakova Natália, Furstova Jana, Sarnikova Gabriela, Hasto Jozef, Tavel Peter
Olomouc University Social Health Institute, Palacky University, Olomouc, Czechia.
Psychiatric-Psychotherapeutic Outpatient Clinic, Pro Mente Sana, Bratislava, Slovakia.
Front Psychol. 2022 Dec 12;13:993003. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2022.993003. eCollection 2022.
The COVID-19 pandemic and its related restrictions, mainly social distancing, had an impact on the mental health of various groups, including adolescents.
The main goal of our study was to explore the impact of gender, age, resilience (measured using the Brief Resilience Scale), attachment anxiety, attachment avoidance (both measured using the Experiences in Close Relationships Revised Scale for adolescents), and mental and general health (measured using items of SF-8 Health Survey) on COVID anxiety (measured using the COVID Anxiety Scale) among a sample of Slovak adolescents ( = 1,786, age 15 to 19, mean age = 16.8, SD = 1.2). The data were collected online between 13 April and 24 May 2021.
Four nested linear regression models were fitted to the data and evaluated. The significant predictors that had a greater effect than our smallest effect size of interest ( = 0.10) were gender ( = -0.26, < 0.001, where boys had lower scores in COVID anxiety), general and mental health ( = -0.13 and = -0.14, respectively, both with < 0.001), resilience ( = -0.12, < 0.001), and attachment avoidance ( = -0.11, < 0.001). Similarly, age and attachment anxiety were significant predictors with a lower effect size ( = 0.06, = 0.003, and = 0.09, < 0.001, respectively).
Our results are in line with previous research findings highlighting the importance of prevention and interventions programs focused mainly on preventing loneliness and social disconnection, fostering secure attachment with parents and peers, and increasing the resilience of adolescents, especially in the stressful time of a pandemic, to promote their mental health.
新冠疫情及其相关限制措施，主要是社交距离措施，对包括青少年在内的各类群体的心理健康产生了影响。
我们研究的主要目的是探讨性别、年龄、复原力（使用简易复原力量表测量）、依恋焦虑、依恋回避（均使用青少年亲密关系经历修订量表测量）以及心理和总体健康状况（使用SF-8健康调查项目测量）对斯洛伐克青少年样本（n = 1786，年龄15至19岁，平均年龄 = 16.8，标准差 = 1.2）的新冠焦虑（使用新冠焦虑量表测量）的影响。数据于2021年4月13日至5月24日在线收集。
对数据拟合并评估了四个嵌套线性回归模型。比我们感兴趣的最小效应量（f² = 0.10）影响更大的显著预测因素包括性别（f² = -0.26，p < 0.001，男孩在新冠焦虑方面得分较低）、总体和心理健康状况（分别为f² = -0.13和f² = -0.14，均p < 0.001）、复原力（f² = -0.12，p < 0.001）以及依恋回避（f² = -0.11，p < 0.001）。同样，年龄和依恋焦虑也是显著预测因素，但其效应量较小（分别为f² = 0.06，p = 0.003，以及f² = 0.09，p < 0.001）。
我们的结果与先前的研究结果一致，这些研究强调了预防和干预项目的重要性，这些项目主要侧重于预防孤独和社会脱节、培养与父母及同伴的安全依恋关系以及提高青少年的复原力，尤其是在疫情的压力时期，以促进他们的心理健康。
