Beames Joanne R, Li Sophie H, Newby Jill M, Maston Kate, Christensen Helen, Werner-Seidler Aliza
Black Dog Institute, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Child Adolesc Psychiatry Ment Health. 2021 Dec 18;15(1):77. doi: 10.1186/s13034-021-00432-z.
Since the COVID-19 outbreak, few studies have investigated the positive psychological consequences on young people. This study examined resilience, positive experiences, and coping strategies reported by Australian adolescents during COVID-19.
Self-report surveys were administered online to a sample of 760 Australian adolescents aged 12-18 years. Quantitative and qualitative methods were used to assess resilience, positive experiences, and coping strategies. Exploratory regression analyses were conducted to explore the relationship between resilience and demographics and mental illness history, as well as between resilience and positive experiences.
Overall, adolescents were somewhat resilient (M = 20.93, SD = 8.29). They reported positive experiences during COVID-19, including increased empathy, compassion, gratitude, and connection with others, and reported using a range of active coping strategies. Having a mental illness history and identification as female or non-binary gender were associated with lower resilience (Bs > 2.82, ps < 0.001). Further, resilience was associated with decreased psychological distress (OR = 0.89, p < 0.001) and with increased positive experiences (ORs > 1.03, ps < 0.001).
Our results indicate that Australian adolescents commonly reported positive experiences and used active coping strategies during COVID-19. Some young people demonstrated higher levels of resilience and were able to make the most out of an unpredictable situation that severely disrupted their daily routine. However, further prospective research using longitudinal methods is necessary to examine causal relationships between variables. An implication of our findings is that resilience-building programs for adolescents may be effective in increasing adaptability after adversity (e.g., climate change, bushfires, pandemics).
自新冠疫情爆发以来，很少有研究调查其对年轻人产生的积极心理影响。本研究考察了澳大利亚青少年在新冠疫情期间所报告的心理韧性、积极体验和应对策略。
对760名年龄在12至18岁的澳大利亚青少年进行在线自我报告调查。采用定量和定性方法评估心理韧性、积极体验和应对策略。进行探索性回归分析，以探究心理韧性与人口统计学特征、精神疾病史之间的关系，以及心理韧性与积极体验之间的关系。
总体而言，青少年具有一定的心理韧性（M = 20.93，标准差 = 8.29）。他们报告了在新冠疫情期间的积极体验，包括同理心、同情心、感恩心增强以及与他人的联系增多，还报告采用了一系列积极的应对策略。有精神疾病史以及被认定为女性或非二元性别与较低的心理韧性相关（B值> 2.82，p值< 0.001）。此外，心理韧性与心理困扰减轻相关（比值比 = 0.89，p < 0.001），与积极体验增加相关（比值比> 1.03，p值< 0.001）。
我们的结果表明，澳大利亚青少年在新冠疫情期间普遍报告了积极体验并采用了积极的应对策略。一些年轻人展现出较高的心理韧性，能够在严重扰乱其日常生活的不可预测情况下充分利用各种机遇。然而，有必要采用纵向研究方法进行进一步的前瞻性研究，以检验变量之间的因果关系。我们研究结果的一个启示是，针对青少年的心理韧性培养项目可能有助于在逆境（如气候变化、丛林大火、大流行）后提高适应能力。
