Yoo Hyunjong, Park Jun-Beom, Ko Youngkyung
Graduate School of Clinical Dental Science, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
Departement of Dentistry, Seoul St. Mary's Hospital, College of Medicine, The Catholic University of Korea, Seoul, Korea.
J Periodontal Implant Sci. 2022 Dec;52(6):509-521. doi: 10.5051/jpis.2203620181.
Systemic health has a profound effect on dental treatment. The aim of this study was to evaluate peri-implant bone loss and health screening data to discover factors that may influence peri-implant diseases.
This study analyzed the panoramic X-rays of patients undergoing health screenings at the Health Promotion Center at Seoul St. Mary's Hospital in 2018, to investigate the relationship between laboratory test results and dental data. The patients' physical data, such as height, weight, blood pressure, hematological and urine analysis data, smoking habits, number of remaining teeth, alveolar bone level, number of implants, and degree of bone loss around the implant, were analyzed for correlations. Their associations with glycated hemoglobin, glucose, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), creatinine, and severity of periodontitis were evaluated using univariate and multivariate regression analysis.
In total, 2,264 patients opted in for dental health examinations, of whom 752 (33.2%) had undergone dental implant treatment. These 752 patients had a total of 2,658 implants, and 129 (17.1%) had 1 or more implants with peri-implant bone loss of 2 mm or more. The number of these implants was 204 (7%). Body mass index and smoking were not correlated with peri-implant bone loss. Stepwise multivariate regression analysis revealed that the severity of periodontal bone loss (moderate bone loss: odds ratio [OR], 3.154; 95% confidence interval [CI], 1.175-8.475 and severe bone loss: OR, 7.751; 95% CI, 3.003-20) and BUN (OR, 1.082; 95% CI, 1.027-1.141) showed statistically significant predictive value. The severity of periodontitis showed greater predictive value than the biochemical parameters of blood glucose, renal function, and liver function.
The results of this study showed that periodontal bone loss was a predictor of peri-implant bone loss, suggesting that periodontal disease should be controlled before dental treatment. Diligent maintenance care is recommended for patients with moderate to severe periodontal bone loss.
全身健康状况对牙科治疗有深远影响。本研究旨在评估种植体周围骨丢失情况和健康筛查数据，以发现可能影响种植体周围疾病的因素。
本研究分析了2018年在首尔圣母医院健康促进中心接受健康筛查患者的全景X线片，以调查实验室检查结果与牙科数据之间的关系。分析患者的身体数据，如身高、体重、血压、血液学和尿液分析数据、吸烟习惯、剩余牙齿数量、牙槽骨水平、种植体数量以及种植体周围骨丢失程度，以确定相关性。使用单因素和多因素回归分析评估它们与糖化血红蛋白、血糖、血尿素氮（BUN）、肌酐以及牙周炎严重程度的关联。
共有2264名患者选择进行牙科健康检查，其中752名（33.2%）接受了牙种植治疗。这752名患者共有2658颗种植体，129颗（17.1%）种植体出现1处或多处种植体周围骨丢失达2mm或以上。这些种植体数量为204颗（7%）。体重指数和吸烟与种植体周围骨丢失无关。逐步多因素回归分析显示，牙周骨丢失的严重程度（中度骨丢失：比值比[OR]，3.154；95%置信区间[CI]，1.175 - 8.475；重度骨丢失：OR，7.751；95%CI，3.003 - 20）和血尿素氮（OR，1.082；95%CI，1.027 - 1.141）具有统计学意义的预测价值。牙周炎的严重程度比血糖、肾功能和肝功能这些生化参数具有更大的预测价值。
本研究结果表明，牙周骨丢失是种植体周围骨丢失的一个预测指标，这表明在牙科治疗前应控制牙周疾病。对于中度至重度牙周骨丢失的患者，建议进行认真的维护护理。
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