Division of Human Genetics, Center for Autoimmune Genomics and Etiology, Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Ave., Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
Immunology Graduate Program, University of Cincinnati College of Medicine, 3230 Eden Ave, Cincinnati, OH, 45229, USA.
Genes Immun. 2023 Feb;24(1):1-11. doi: 10.1038/s41435-022-00192-6. Epub 2022 Dec 30.
The molecular processes underlying human health and disease are highly complex. Often, genetic and environmental factors contribute to a given disease or phenotype in a non-additive manner, yielding a gene-environment (G × E) interaction. In this work, we broadly review current knowledge on the impact of gene-environment interactions on human health. We first explain the independent impact of genetic variation and the environment. We next detail well-established G × E interactions that impact human health involving environmental toxicants, pollution, viruses, and sex chromosome composition. We conclude with possibilities and challenges for studying G × E interactions.
人类健康和疾病的分子过程非常复杂。通常，遗传和环境因素以非加性的方式共同导致某种疾病或表型，产生基因-环境（G×E）相互作用。在这项工作中，我们广泛综述了基因-环境相互作用对人类健康影响的现有知识。我们首先解释遗传变异和环境的独立影响。接下来，我们详细介绍了影响人类健康的已确立的 G×E 相互作用，包括环境毒素、污染、病毒和性染色体组成。最后，我们讨论了研究 G×E 相互作用的可能性和挑战。
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