School of Advanced Agricultural Sciences, Yibin Vocational and Technical College, Yibin, People's Republic of China.
Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai East Hospital, Tongji University School of Medicine, Shanghai, People's Republic of China.
Emerg Microbes Infect. 2023 Dec;12(1):2164742. doi: 10.1080/22221751.2022.2164742.
Viral envelope glycoproteins are crucial for viral infections. In the process of enveloped viruses budding and release from the producer cells, viral envelope glycoproteins are presented on the viral membrane surface as spikes, promoting the virus's next-round infection of target cells. However, the host cells evolve counteracting mechanisms in the long-term virus-host co-evolutionary processes. For instance, the host cell antiviral factors could potently suppress viral replication by targeting their envelope glycoproteins through multiple channels, including their intracellular synthesis, glycosylation modification, assembly into virions, and binding to target cell receptors. Recently, a group of studies discovered that some host antiviral proteins specifically recognized host proprotein convertase (PC) furin and blocked its cleavage of viral envelope glycoproteins, thus impairing viral infectivity. Here, in this review, we briefly summarize several such host antiviral factors and analyze their roles in reducing furin cleavage of viral envelope glycoproteins, aiming at providing insights for future antiviral studies.
病毒包膜糖蛋白对于病毒感染至关重要。在有包膜病毒从产生细胞出芽和释放的过程中，病毒包膜糖蛋白作为刺突呈现于病毒膜表面，促进病毒下一轮感染靶细胞。然而，在长期的病毒-宿主共同进化过程中，宿主细胞进化出了对抗机制。例如，宿主细胞抗病毒因子可以通过多种途径靶向包膜糖蛋白，从而强力抑制病毒复制，包括其在细胞内的合成、糖基化修饰、组装成病毒颗粒以及与靶细胞受体的结合。最近，有一组研究发现，一些宿主抗病毒蛋白特异性识别宿主蛋白原转化酶（PC）furin，并阻止其对病毒包膜糖蛋白的切割，从而损害病毒的感染力。在这里，我们简要总结了几种这样的宿主抗病毒因子，并分析了它们在减少 furin 对病毒包膜糖蛋白切割中的作用，旨在为未来的抗病毒研究提供思路。
