Department of Laboratory Medicine, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
State Key Laboratory of Oral Diseases & Human Saliva Laboratory & National Clinical Research Center for Oral Diseases & West China Hospital of Stomatology, Sichuan University, Chengdu, China.
Int J Oral Sci. 2023 Jan 4;15(1):2. doi: 10.1038/s41368-022-00209-w.
Saliva testing is a vital method for clinical applications, for its noninvasive features, richness in substances, and the huge amount. Due to its direct anatomical connection with oral, digestive, and endocrine systems, clinical usage of saliva testing for these diseases is promising. Furthermore, for other diseases that seeming to have no correlations with saliva, such as neurodegenerative diseases and psychological diseases, researchers also reckon saliva informative. Tremendous papers are being produced in this field. Updated summaries of recent literature give newcomers a shortcut to have a grasp of this topic. Here, we focused on recent research about saliva biomarkers that are derived from humans, not from other organisms. The review mostly addresses the proceedings from 2016 to 2022, to shed light on the promising usage of saliva testing in clinical diagnostics. We recap the recent advances following the category of different types of biomarkers, such as intracellular DNA, RNA, proteins and intercellular exosomes, cell-free DNA, to give a comprehensive impression of saliva biomarker testing.
唾液检测是一种重要的临床应用方法，具有非侵入性、物质丰富和数量巨大等特点。由于唾液与口腔、消化和内分泌系统有直接的解剖学联系，因此唾液检测在这些疾病的临床应用中具有广阔的前景。此外，对于其他似乎与唾液无关的疾病，如神经退行性疾病和心理疾病，研究人员也认为唾液具有信息价值。在这个领域已经产生了大量的论文。最新文献综述为初学者提供了一个快速掌握这个主题的途径。在这里，我们主要关注的是来源于人类而非其他生物体的唾液生物标志物的最新研究。综述主要涵盖了 2016 年至 2022 年的研究进展，以阐明唾液检测在临床诊断中的应用前景。我们按照不同类型生物标志物的类别，如细胞内 DNA、RNA、蛋白质和细胞间外泌体、无细胞游离 DNA 等，总结了最近的进展，以全面展示唾液生物标志物检测。
