Sohrabi Masoumeh, Samsampour Davood, Bagheri Abdoolnabi
Horticulture Sciences Department, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resource, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Plant Protection Research Department, Hormozgan Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Bandar Abbas, Iran.
Mol Biotechnol. 2024 Mar;66(3):424-431. doi: 10.1007/s12033-022-00630-w. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
Endophytic fungi are an important group of organisms in association with plants which are able to colonize all plant internal tissues and improve their fitness. The present research aims to isolate and identify endophytic fungi of Citrullus colocynthis plant and then investigate the effects of sampling location and tissue type on the fungal endophyte diversity of this plant. To do so, a sampling program was done in 11 geographically isolated C. colocynthis growing areas of Hormozgan province, Iran. For molecular identification of endophytic fungi of C. colocynthis, the internal transcribed spacer region (ITS1-5.8S-ITS4), as a universal DNA barcode marker for fungi, was amplified using primer sets. Totally, 12 taxa (Alternaria solani, Cladosporium halotolerans, Setosphaeria rostrata, Aspergillus niger, A. allahabadii, A. terreus, A. occultus, A. cristatus, Penicillium chrysogenum, Talaromyces purpureogenus, Fusarium sp., and Pseudozyma flocculosa) were isolated. Our findings also showed that the diversity of fungal endophytes isolated from C. colocynthis was affected by the tissue type and sampling site. Accordingly, the leaves and seeds were found to have the highest and lowest rates of endophyte colonization and richness in all sampling seasons, respectively. Simpson's diversity index of 0.8165 in root tissue indicated the high diversity of endophytes in this organ. In addition, Shannon's diversity index in the root (1.846) was higher than that in the other organs. The highest Shannon's and Simpson's indices were observed in Khoon Sorkh and Minab regions. Generally, at least two factors (region and type of tissue) played the most important roles in determining the composition of fungal endophytes in C. colocynthis.
内生真菌是与植物相关的一类重要生物，它们能够定殖于植物的所有内部组织并提高植物的适应性。本研究旨在分离和鉴定苦西瓜（Citrullus colocynthis）植物的内生真菌，然后研究采样地点和组织类型对该植物真菌内生菌多样性的影响。为此，在伊朗霍尔木兹甘省11个地理隔离的苦西瓜种植区开展了采样计划。为了对苦西瓜内生真菌进行分子鉴定，使用引物对扩增了真菌通用DNA条形码标记——内转录间隔区（ITS1-5.8S-ITS4）。总共分离出12个分类单元（链格孢菌（Alternaria solani）、耐盐枝孢菌（Cladosporium halotolerans）、喙突附球菌（Setosphaeria rostrata）、黑曲霉（Aspergillus niger）、阿拉哈巴德曲霉（A. allahabadii）、土曲霉（A. terreus）、隐匿曲霉（A. occultus）、嵴曲霉（A. cristatus）、产黄青霉（Penicillium chrysogenum）、紫产篮状菌（Talaromyces purpureogenus）、镰刀菌属（Fusarium sp.）和絮凝假丝酵母（Pseudozyma flocculosa））。我们的研究结果还表明，从苦西瓜中分离出的真菌内生菌多样性受组织类型和采样地点的影响。因此，在所有采样季节中，叶片和种子的内生菌定殖率和丰富度分别最高和最低。根组织中辛普森多样性指数为0.8165，表明该器官中内生菌的多样性较高。此外，根中的香农多样性指数（1.846）高于其他器官。在孔索尔赫（Khoon Sorkh）和米纳卜（Minab）地区观察到最高的香农指数和辛普森指数。一般来说，至少有两个因素（地区和组织类型）在决定苦西瓜真菌内生菌的组成方面起着最重要的作用。
