Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA.
Department of Psychology, University of California San Diego, San Diego, CA, USA.
Atten Percept Psychophys. 2023 Jul;85(5):1387-1397. doi: 10.3758/s13414-022-02635-8. Epub 2023 Jan 4.
While most visual working memory studies use static stimuli with unchanging features, objects in the real world are often dynamic, introducing significant differences in the surface feature information hitting the retina from the same object over time (e.g., changes in orientation, lighting, shadows). Previous research on dynamic stimuli has shown that change detection is improved if objects obey rules of physical motion, but it is unclear how memory for visual features interacts with object motion. In the current study, we investigated whether object motion facilitates greater temporal integration of continuously changing surface feature information. In a series of experiments, participants were asked to report the final color of continuously changing colored dots that were either moving or stationary on the screen. We found that the reported colors "lagged behind" the physical states of the dots when they were in motion. We also observed that the precision of memory responses was significantly higher for stimuli in the moving condition compared to the stationary condition. Together, these findings suggest that memory representation is improved - but lagged - for moving objects, consistent with the idea that object motion may facilitate integration of object information over longer intervals.
虽然大多数视觉工作记忆研究都使用静态刺激物,其特征保持不变,但现实世界中的物体通常是动态的,随着时间的推移,同一物体打到视网膜上的表面特征信息会发生显著变化(例如,方向、光照、阴影的变化)。先前对动态刺激的研究表明,如果物体遵循物理运动的规则,那么对变化的检测会得到改善,但目前尚不清楚视觉特征记忆与物体运动之间如何相互作用。在当前的研究中,我们研究了物体运动是否有助于更有效地整合连续变化的表面特征信息。在一系列实验中,要求参与者报告在屏幕上连续变化的彩色点的最终颜色,这些点要么处于运动状态,要么处于静止状态。我们发现,当点处于运动状态时,报告的颜色滞后于点的物理状态。我们还观察到,与静止状态相比,运动状态下的刺激的记忆反应的精度明显更高。这些发现表明,对于运动的物体,记忆表示得到了改善——但存在滞后,这与物体运动可能有助于在更长的时间间隔内整合物体信息的观点一致。