Chapman-Lopez Tomas, Wilburn Dylan, Fletcher Emma, Adair Kathleen, Ismaeel Ahmed, Heileson Jeffery, Gallucci Andrew, Funderburk LesLee, Koutakis Panagiotis, Forsse Jeffrey S
Department of Health Human Performance and Recreation, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76706, USA.
Clinical Muscle Biology Lab, Biology Department, Baylor University, Waco, TX, 76798, USA.
Sports Med Health Sci. 2022 Sep 20;4(4):219-224. doi: 10.1016/j.smhs.2022.09.001. eCollection 2022 Dec.
The onset of menopause elicits changes in body composition that negatively influence adipokine levels. Consequently, various health risk factors (e.g., cardiovascular disease, osteoporosis, physical inactivity, obesity, arterial hypertension, hypercholesterolemia, sarcopenia) are influenced by adipokines due to changes in body composition after menopause. Thus, improvements in body composition are considered the primary influencer of adipokines. Though several therapeutic interventions (e.g., medication, diet, meditation, exercise) are employed to target changes in body composition, resistance training appears to be more effective in positively improving body composition through changes in lean-muscle mass/fat-mass ratio. However, due to the lack of research, very little is known about adipokines' anti/inflammatory response in postmenopausal women after completing resistance training. Most resistance training studies in postmenopausal women have focused on leptin, adiponectin, and resistin, with limited research assessing other adipokines that are important in metabolic regulation and inflammatory processes. Additionally, the consistency of resistance training protocols as an intervention is not standardized or fully recognized. Therefore, the focus of this review is to establish a more comprehensive understanding of the benefits of resistance training on influencing adipokine levels based on changes to total body composition in postmenopausal women.
更年期的开始会引发身体成分的变化，这些变化会对脂肪因子水平产生负面影响。因此，由于更年期后身体成分的变化，各种健康风险因素（如心血管疾病、骨质疏松症、缺乏运动、肥胖、动脉高血压、高胆固醇血症、肌肉减少症）都会受到脂肪因子的影响。因此，身体成分的改善被认为是脂肪因子的主要影响因素。虽然采用了几种治疗干预措施（如药物治疗、饮食、冥想、运动）来针对身体成分的变化，但阻力训练似乎通过改变瘦肌肉质量/脂肪质量比，在积极改善身体成分方面更有效。然而，由于缺乏研究，对于绝经后妇女完成阻力训练后脂肪因子的抗炎反应知之甚少。大多数针对绝经后妇女的阻力训练研究都集中在瘦素、脂联素和抵抗素上，评估在代谢调节和炎症过程中起重要作用的其他脂肪因子的研究有限。此外，作为一种干预措施的阻力训练方案的一致性尚未标准化或得到充分认可。因此，本综述的重点是基于绝经后妇女全身成分的变化，更全面地了解阻力训练对影响脂肪因子水平的益处。
