非规范 DNA 结构是基因组进化的驱动因素。
Noncanonical DNA structures are drivers of genome evolution.
机构信息
Department of Biology, Penn State University, 310 Wartik Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
Department of Biology, Penn State University, 310 Wartik Laboratory, University Park, PA 16802, USA.
出版信息
Trends Genet. 2023 Feb;39(2):109-124. doi: 10.1016/j.tig.2022.11.005. Epub 2023 Jan 3.
In addition to the canonical right-handed double helix, other DNA structures, termed 'non-B DNA', can form in the genomes across the tree of life. Non-B DNA regulates multiple cellular processes, including replication and transcription, yet its presence is associated with elevated mutagenicity and genome instability. These discordant cellular roles fuel the enormous potential of non-B DNA to drive genomic and phenotypic evolution. Here we discuss recent studies establishing non-B DNA structures as novel functional elements subject to natural selection, affecting evolution of transposable elements (TEs), and specifying centromeres. By highlighting the contributions of non-B DNA to repeated evolution and adaptation to changing environments, we conclude that evolutionary analyses should include a perspective of not only DNA sequence, but also its structure.
除了规范的右手双螺旋结构外，生命之树的基因组中还能形成其他 DNA 结构，被称为“非 B 型 DNA”。非 B 型 DNA 调控着多种细胞过程，包括复制和转录，但其存在与较高的突变率和基因组不稳定性相关联。这些不一致的细胞功能作用，使非 B 型 DNA 具有巨大的潜力来驱动基因组和表型进化。在这里，我们讨论了最近的研究成果，这些研究将非 B 型 DNA 结构确立为受自然选择影响的新型功能元件，影响转座元件（TEs）的进化，并指定着丝粒。通过强调非 B 型 DNA 对重复进化和适应不断变化的环境的贡献，我们得出结论，进化分析不仅应包括 DNA 序列，还应包括其结构。
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