Institute of Human Factors and Ergonomics, College of Mechatronics and Control Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 1;20(1):820. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20010820.
Unsafe behaviors, such as violations and human errors, have long been recognized as the main causes of accidents in nuclear power plants (NPPs). However, personal factors that influence unsafe behaviors among NPP workers have not been well examined, especially in an integrated model. This study proposes an integrated contextual mediated model to examine personality, cognitive and attitudinal predictors of unsafe behaviors among commissioning workers at NPPs. The model was verified using structural equation modeling technique with survey data from 177 commissioning workers in two Chinese NPPs. Results show that personality traits (i.e., conscientiousness, neuroticism, openness and agreeableness), executive function and safety attitudes exerted significant effects on unsafe behaviors. In addition, the effects of agreeableness and executive function were partly mediated by safety attitudes. Both conscientiousness and neuroticism indirectly influenced unsafe behaviors through the mediating role of executive function. The findings shed light on the design of evidence-based interventions for safety performance in NPPs.
不安全行为，如违规和人为失误，长期以来一直被认为是核电站（NPP）事故的主要原因。然而，影响核电站工作人员不安全行为的个人因素尚未得到很好的研究，特别是在综合模型中。本研究提出了一个综合的情境中介模型，以检验核电站调试工人不安全行为的人格、认知和态度预测因素。该模型使用来自中国两个核电站的 177 名调试工人的调查数据，通过结构方程模型技术进行了验证。结果表明，人格特质（即尽责性、神经质、开放性和宜人性）、执行功能和安全态度对不安全行为有显著影响。此外，宜人性和执行功能的影响部分通过安全态度的中介作用来体现。尽责性和神经质通过执行功能的中介作用间接影响不安全行为。研究结果为核电站安全绩效的基于证据的干预措施设计提供了启示。
