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波兰0至3岁儿童的膳食补充剂——它们有必要吗?

Dietary Supplements among Children Ages 0-3 Years in Poland-Are They Necessary?

作者信息

Woźniak Dagmara, Przysławski Juliusz, Banaszak Michalina, Drzymała-Czyż Sławomira

机构信息

Department of Bromatology, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3, 60-806 Poznan, Poland.

Poznan University of Medical Sciences Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Bukowska 70, 60-812 Poznan, Poland.

出版信息

Foods. 2022 Dec 21;12(1):16. doi: 10.3390/foods12010016.

Abstract

(1) Background: One of the ways to prevent nutritional deficiencies may be supplementation. Experts have observed the increased use of dietary supplements, not only in adults but also in children. Considering controversies among dietary supplements and possible errors in children's feeding, the goal of our research was to evaluate use and reasons behind supplementation in terms of children's diet analysis. (2) Methods: Our research involved 507 legal guardians of the youngest children (up to 3 years of age) and was conducted via a questionnaire. (3) Results: 79% of all children received dietary supplements. The analysis of children's diets showed a need to implement omega-3 acids and vitamin D supplementation, which was very low in children. On the other hand, vitamin C, vitamin B, vitamin A, and copper levels were extremely high. (4) Conclusions: Popularity of dietary supplements in Polish children aged 0-3 years old is an omnipresent issue. Although the reasoning behind administering nutritional supplements to children seems justified, considering the supply of vitamin D and omega-3 fatty acids, it seems justified to increase parents' knowledge in this regard in terms of the use and means to choose the best supplement possible, as dietary supplementation should always be tailored to individual needs.

摘要

(1) 背景:预防营养缺乏的方法之一可能是补充营养剂。专家观察到膳食补充剂的使用在增加,不仅在成年人中,在儿童中也是如此。考虑到膳食补充剂存在的争议以及儿童喂养中可能出现的错误,我们研究的目的是从儿童饮食分析的角度评估补充营养剂的使用情况及背后的原因。(2) 方法:我们的研究涉及507名最小年龄为3岁及以下儿童的法定监护人,并通过问卷调查进行。(3) 结果:所有儿童中有79%接受了膳食补充剂。对儿童饮食的分析表明,有必要补充ω-3脂肪酸和维生素D,而儿童体内这两种物质的含量非常低。另一方面,维生素C、维生素B、维生素A和铜的水平极高。(4) 结论:膳食补充剂在波兰0至3岁儿童中的普及是一个普遍存在的问题。尽管给儿童服用营养补充剂背后的理由似乎合理,但考虑到维生素D和ω-3脂肪酸的供应情况,在如何使用以及选择最佳补充剂的方法方面提高家长的相关知识似乎是合理的,因为膳食补充应始终根据个人需求进行调整。

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