Department of Biomedical Engineering, National University of Singapore, 117583, Singapore.
Institute for Health Innovation & Technology, National University of Singapore, 117599, Singapore.
ACS Nano. 2023 Feb 14;17(3):2851-2867. doi: 10.1021/acsnano.2c11278. Epub 2023 Jan 12.
High extracellular matrix stiffness is a prominent feature of malignant tumors associated with poor clinical prognosis. To elucidate mechanistic connections between increased matrix stiffness and tumor progression, a variety of hydrogel scaffolds with dynamic changes in stiffness have been developed. These approaches, however, are not biocompatible at high temperature, strong irradiation, and acidic/basic pH, often lack reversibility (can only stiffen and not soften), and do not allow study on the same cell population longitudinally. In this work, we develop a dynamic 3D magnetic hydrogel whose matrix stiffness can be wirelessly and reversibly stiffened and softened multiple times with different rates of change using an external magnet. With this platform, we found that matrix stiffness increased tumor malignancy including denser cell organization, epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition and hypoxia. More interestingly, these malignant transformations could be halted or reversed with matrix softening (i.e., mechanical rescue), to potentiate drug efficacy attributing to reduced solid stress from matrix and downregulation of cell mechano-transductors including . We propose that our platform can be used to deepen understanding of the impact of matrix softening on cancer biology, an important but rarely studied phenomenon.
细胞外基质硬度高是与不良临床预后相关的恶性肿瘤的一个显著特征。为了阐明基质硬度增加与肿瘤进展之间的机制联系,已经开发出了各种具有动态硬度变化的水凝胶支架。然而,这些方法在高温、强辐射和酸碱 pH 值条件下并不具有生物相容性,往往缺乏可逆性(只能变硬而不能变软),并且不允许对同一细胞群体进行纵向研究。在这项工作中,我们开发了一种动态 3D 磁性水凝胶,其基质硬度可以使用外部磁铁无线且可逆地多次变硬和变软,并且可以以不同的变化率进行。利用这个平台,我们发现基质硬度的增加会增加肿瘤的恶性程度,包括更密集的细胞组织、上皮间质转化和缺氧。更有趣的是,这些恶性转化可以通过基质软化(即机械挽救)来停止或逆转,从而增强药物疗效,这归因于基质的固有力减小以及细胞机械转导器(包括)的下调。我们提出,我们的平台可以用于深入了解基质软化对癌症生物学的影响,这是一个重要但很少被研究的现象。