Department of Management and Entrepreneurship, Turku School of Economics, University of Turku, Turku, Finland.
Department of Information and Knowledge Management, Tampere University, Tampere, Finland.
J Med Internet Res. 2023 Jan 18;25:e39786. doi: 10.2196/39786.
Intelligent physical robots based on artificial intelligence have been argued to bring about dramatic changes in health care services. Previous research has examined the use of intelligent physical robots in the health care context from different perspectives; however, an overview of the antecedents and consequences of intelligent physical robot use in health care is lacking in the literature.
In this paper, we aimed to provide an overview of the antecedents and consequences of intelligent physical robot use in health care and to propose potential agendas for future research through a systematic literature review.
We conducted a systematic literature review on intelligent physical robots in the health care field following the guidelines of PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses). Literature searches were conducted in 5 databases (PubMed, Scopus, PsycINFO, Embase, and CINAHL) in May 2021, focusing on studies using intelligent physical robots for health care purposes. Subsequently, the quality of the included studies was assessed using the Mixed Methods Appraisal Tool. We performed an exploratory content analysis and synthesized the findings extracted from the included articles.
A total of 94 research articles were included in the review. Intelligent physical robots, including mechanoid, humanoid, android, and animalistic robots, have been used in hospitals, nursing homes, mental health care centers, laboratories, and patients' homes by both end customers and health care professionals. The antecedents for intelligent physical robot use are categorized into individual-, organization-, and robot-related factors. Intelligent physical robot use in the health care context leads to both non-health-related consequences (emotional outcomes, attitude and evaluation outcomes, and behavioral outcomes) and consequences for (physical, mental, and social) health promotion for individual users. Accordingly, an integrative framework was proposed to obtain an overview of the antecedents and consequences of intelligent physical robot use in the health care context.
This study contributes to the literature by summarizing current knowledge in the field of intelligent physical robot use in health care, by identifying the antecedents and the consequences of intelligent physical robot use, and by proposing potential future research agendas in the specific area based on the research findings in the literature and the identified knowledge gaps.
基于人工智能的智能物理机器人被认为将给医疗保健服务带来巨大变革。以往的研究从不同角度考察了智能物理机器人在医疗保健环境中的应用，但文献中缺乏对医疗保健中智能物理机器人使用的前因后果的概述。
本文旨在通过系统文献回顾，概述医疗保健中智能物理机器人使用的前因后果，并根据文献中的研究结果和已确定的知识空白，提出该领域未来潜在的研究议程。
我们按照 PRISMA（系统评价和荟萃分析的首选报告项目）指南对医疗保健领域的智能物理机器人进行了系统文献回顾。2021 年 5 月，我们在 5 个数据库（PubMed、Scopus、PsycINFO、Embase 和 CINAHL）中进行了文献检索，重点是使用智能物理机器人进行医疗保健目的的研究。随后，使用混合方法评估工具评估纳入研究的质量。我们进行了探索性内容分析，并综合了从纳入文章中提取的发现。
共有 94 篇研究文章纳入综述。智能物理机器人，包括机械机器人、人形机器人、android 机器人和动物机器人，已被终端用户和医疗保健专业人员在医院、养老院、心理健康护理中心、实验室和患者家中使用。智能物理机器人使用的前因可分为个体、组织和机器人相关因素。在医疗保健环境中使用智能物理机器人会导致非健康相关的后果（情绪结果、态度和评价结果以及行为结果），以及对个体用户的（身体、心理和社会）健康促进的后果。因此，提出了一个综合框架，以概述医疗保健中智能物理机器人使用的前因后果。
本研究通过总结医疗保健中智能物理机器人使用的当前知识，通过确定智能物理机器人使用的前因后果，并根据文献中的研究结果和已确定的知识空白，在该特定领域提出潜在的未来研究议程，为文献做出了贡献。
