Billson F A
Department of Clinical Ophthalmology, Sydney University, Sydney Eye Hospital, Woolloomooloo, Australia.
Doc Ophthalmol. 1987 Jan;65(1):45-55. doi: 10.1007/BF00162719.
We studied nine cases of retrobulbar neuritis with confirmed multiple sclerosis and six cases of optic atrophy from other causes. Pattern and focal electroretinograms (macular ERGs) were recorded with high (400 cd/m2) and low (40 cd/m2) intensity stimuli. Contrast sensitivity was also measured with a simple printed test. Luminance was not markedly important. High spatial frequency contrast sensitivity was significantly correlated with pattern ERG amplitude. Pattern and focal ERG amplitude ratio was usually reduced, but the effect was not correlated with contrast sensitivity or large enough to be useful clinically. In optic atrophy the pattern ERG (PERG) was clearly more severely reduced than the focal ERG (FERG). In retrobulbar neuritis both ERGs were equally and more severely reduced even though the visual losses were less. In unilateral cases the PERG increased then decreased after the initial attack, as previously described (Arden et al., 1982). The results suggest that retinal layers beyond the ganglion cells may be affected in retrobulbar neuritis, but proximally generated, pattern-specific ERG components are selectively lost in optic atrophy.
我们研究了9例确诊为多发性硬化症的球后视神经炎患者以及6例由其他病因导致视神经萎缩的患者。采用高强度（400 cd/m²）和低强度（40 cd/m²）刺激记录图形视网膜电图（mERG）和局部视网膜电图。还使用简单的印刷测试测量了对比敏感度。亮度并非至关重要。高空间频率对比敏感度与图形视网膜电图振幅显著相关。图形视网膜电图与局部视网膜电图的振幅比通常降低，但该效应与对比敏感度无关，且降低幅度不足以在临床上发挥作用。在视神经萎缩中，图形视网膜电图（PERG）明显比局部视网膜电图（FERG）降低得更严重。在球后视神经炎中，尽管视力损失较小，但两种视网膜电图均同等程度且更严重地降低。在单侧病例中，如先前所述（Arden等人，1982年），图形视网膜电图在初次发作后先升高然后降低。结果表明，在球后视神经炎中，神经节细胞以外的视网膜层可能受到影响，但在视神经萎缩中，近端产生的、特定图形的视网膜电图成分选择性丧失。
