Department of Biology and Biotechnology "L. Spallanzani", University of Pavia, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Laboratory of Clinical & Experimental Toxicology, Pavia Poison Centre, National Toxicology Information Centre, Toxicology Unit, Istituti Clinici Scientifici Maugeri IRCCS, 27100 Pavia, Italy.
Biomed Pharmacother. 2023 Mar;159:114262. doi: 10.1016/j.biopha.2023.114262. Epub 2023 Jan 17.
Breast cancer (BC) is the second most common cause of brain metastasis onset in patients, with the cerebellum accounting for the 33% of cases. In the current study, using a 4T1 triple-negative mouse BC model, we revealed that an orally administered medicinal mushrooms (MM) blend, rich in β-glucans, played a direct and specific anti-cancer action on cerebellar metastases, also bettering locomotor performances. The neuroprotective effect of the MM blend plays through (i) a direct and specific inhibition of cerebellar metastatization pattern typical of TNBC (with an induced reduction of about 50% of metastases density) and (ii) the regulation of apoptosis and proliferation-related genes, as suggested by expression changes of specific molecular markers, i.e. PCNA, p53, Bcl2, BAX, CASP9, CASP3, Hsp70 and AIF. Therefore, inhibiting the metastatization process, triggering a significant apoptosis increase, and lessening cell proliferation, this MM supplement, employed as adjuvant treatment in association with conventional therapy, could represent a promising approach, in the field of Integrative Oncology, for patients' management in both prevention and treatment of brain metastases from BC.
乳腺癌（BC）是患者脑转移发病的第二大常见原因，小脑转移占 33%。在本研究中，我们使用 4T1 三阴性乳腺癌小鼠模型，揭示了一种口服药用蘑菇（MM）混合物，富含β-葡聚糖，对小脑转移具有直接和特异性的抗癌作用，同时改善了运动表现。MM 混合物的神经保护作用是通过（i）直接和特异性抑制三阴性乳腺癌（TNBC）特有的小脑转移模式（转移密度降低约 50%）和（ii）调节凋亡和增殖相关基因来实现的，这是由特定分子标志物的表达变化所提示的，即 PCNA、p53、Bcl2、BAX、CASP9、CASP3、Hsp70 和 AIF。因此，抑制转移过程，触发显著的凋亡增加，减少细胞增殖，这种 MM 补充剂，与常规治疗联合作为辅助治疗，可能代表一种有前途的方法，在肿瘤整合医学领域，用于预防和治疗 BC 脑转移患者。
