An update on fractional picosecond laser treatment: histology and clinical applications.

Picosecond lasers have a very short pulse duration and a high peak power density. When fractional optical delivery systems are attached to picosecond lasers, they generate an array of concentrated microspots with a high fluence surrounded by areas with a low fluence. This article discusses the histologic characteristics and clinical applications of fractional picosecond laser treatment. Fractional picosecond laser produces laser-induced optical breakdown (LIOB) and laser-induced cavitation (LIC) in the epidermis and dermis respectively, and can encourage skin regeneration and dermal remodeling. It has been shown that fractional picosecond laser has a positive effect on facial photoaging, enlarged facial pores, dyspigmentation, wrinkles, and atrophic scars. Further research is still needed to confirm the benefits of fractional picosecond lasers.