State Key Laboratory for Modification of Chemical Fibers and Polymer Materials, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Donghua University, Shanghai, 201620, China.
School of Polymer Science and Engineering, The University of Southern Mississippi, Hattiesburg, MS, 39406, USA.
Adv Sci (Weinh). 2023 Mar;10(9):e2206591. doi: 10.1002/advs.202206591. Epub 2023 Jan 19.
Conductive hydrogels as promising material candidates for soft electronics have been rapidly developed in recent years. However, the low ionic conductivity, limited mechanical properties, and insufficient freeze-resistance greatly limit their applications for flexible and wearable electronics. Herein, aramid nanofiber (ANF)-reinforced poly(vinyl alcohol) (PVA) organohydrogels containing dimethyl sulfoxide (DMSO)/H O mixed solvents with outstanding freeze-resistance are fabricated through solution casting and 3D printing methods. The organohydrogels show both high tensile strength and toughness due to the synergistic effect of ANFs and DMSO in the system, which promotes PVA crystallization and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions between PVA molecules as well as ANFs and PVA, confirmed by a suite of characterization and molecular dynamics simulations. The organohydrogels also exhibit ultrahigh ionic conductivity, ranging from 1.1 to 34.3 S m at -50 to 60 °C. Building on these excellent material properties, the organohydrogel-based strain sensors and solid-state zinc-air batteries (ZABs) are fabricated, which have a broad working temperature range. Particularly, the ZABs not only exhibit high specific capacity (262 mAh g ) with ultra-long cycling life (355 cycles, 118 h) even at -30 °C, but also can work properly under various deformation states, manifesting their great potential applications in soft robotics and wearable electronics.
近年来，作为有前途的软电子材料候选者的导电水凝胶得到了快速发展。然而，低离子电导率、有限的机械性能和不足的耐冻性极大地限制了它们在柔性和可穿戴电子设备中的应用。在此，通过溶液浇铸和 3D 打印方法制备了具有出色耐冻性的芳纶纳米纤维（ANF）增强的聚乙烯醇（PVA）有机水凝胶，其包含二甲基亚砜（DMSO）/H2O 混合溶剂。由于系统中 ANFs 和 DMSO 的协同作用，有机水凝胶表现出高拉伸强度和韧性，这促进了 PVA 的结晶以及 PVA 分子之间以及 ANFs 和 PVA 之间的分子间氢键相互作用，这一点通过一系列的表征和分子动力学模拟得到了证实。有机水凝胶还表现出超高的离子电导率，在-50 至 60°C 的范围内，其离子电导率范围为 1.1 至 34.3 S m。基于这些优异的材料特性，制造了基于有机水凝胶的应变传感器和固态锌空气电池（ZAB），其工作温度范围很广。特别地，即使在-30°C 下，ZAB 不仅表现出高比容量（262 mAh g-1）和超长的循环寿命（355 次循环，118 小时），而且可以在各种变形状态下正常工作，表明它们在软机器人和可穿戴电子设备中有很大的应用潜力。
