Eisner A, Fleming S A, Klein M L, Mauldin W M
Neurological Sciences Institute, Good Samaritan Hospital and Medical Center, Portland, OR 97209.
Invest Ophthalmol Vis Sci. 1987 Nov;28(11):1832-7.
We compared several indices of foveal visual function between two groups of people aged 60 and older. One group was comprised of individuals who had good acuity in one eye, but had a history of exudative aging macular degeneration (AMD) in the other eye. We measured visual function in these individuals' good eyes only. The second group was a normative group; it was comprised of individuals who had good acuity in each eye. None of the eyes which we tested from either group had funduscopic evidence of macular pathology other than macular drusen and/or hypopigmentation. We found that eyes whose fellow eye had suffered from exudative AMD themselves suffered compromised foveal function, even when they retained 20/20 or better acuity. Losses of sensitivity mediated by blue-sensitive cones tended to be greater for 1 degree than for 3 degrees diameter test stimuli. Absolute sensitivity losses at long test wavelengths were probably due to several factors, including decreased effective cone photopigment density. Slow rates of recovery during dark adaptation were associated with the presence of many macular drusen and/or macular hypopigmentation. Eyes whose fellow eye had suffered from exudative AMD had more macular drusen and hypopigmentation than eyes whose fellow eye had not suffered from exudative AMD.
我们比较了两组60岁及以上人群的中央凹视觉功能指标。一组由一只眼睛视力良好，但另一只眼睛有渗出性年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）病史的个体组成。我们仅测量了这些个体视力良好的眼睛的视觉功能。第二组是正常对照组，由每只眼睛视力都良好的个体组成。我们测试的两组中任何一只眼睛，除了黄斑玻璃疣和/或色素减退外，均未发现眼底有黄斑病变的证据。我们发现，即使同一只眼睛视力保持在20/20或更好，其对侧眼患有渗出性AMD的眼睛本身中央凹功能也会受损。对于直径1度的测试刺激，由蓝敏视锥细胞介导的敏感度损失往往比3度的更大。在长测试波长下的绝对敏感度损失可能是由多种因素导致的，包括有效视锥色素密度降低。暗适应过程中恢复速度缓慢与大量黄斑玻璃疣和/或黄斑色素减退的存在有关。其对侧眼患有渗出性AMD的眼睛比其对侧眼未患渗出性AMD的眼睛有更多的黄斑玻璃疣和色素减退。
