Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, CHU de Caen Normandie, Service de Médecine du Sport, 14000 Caen, France.
Normandie Univ, UNICAEN, INSERM, COMETE, GIP CYCERON, 14000 Caen, France.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 6;20(2):1042. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021042.
Exercise dependence (ED) is common in endurance athletes and can lead to physical and psychological distress with various health effects. We designed a prospective cross-sectional study to investigate the personality traits associated with ED among ultraendurance athletes. A total of 507 participants (41.6 (9.8) years, men: 73.7%) completed (1) a screening questionnaire about sociodemographic data, sporting habits, and healthcare data, (2) the Exercise Dependence Scale-Revised (EDS-R, 21 items scored from 1 (never) to 6 (always), 7 subscales), (3) the Big Five Inventory (BFI), and (4) 2 items of the SCOFF (Sick-Control-One Stone-Fat-Food) questionnaire regarding possible eating disorders. Based on the EDS-R scores, 37 (7.3%) participants were at risk for ED (scores ≥ 5/6 on ≥3 subscales), 366 (72.2%) were nondependent but symptomatic (scores ≥ 3/6 on ≥3 subscales), and 104 (20.5%) were asymptomatic. Participants with ED had a greater training volume and a higher prevalence of possible eating disorders. A higher level of neuroticism was associated with increased EDS-R scores (r = 0.294; p < 0.001), with significantly higher scores in the ED group (F = 14.50, p < 0.001). The association between neuroticism and ED was not moderated by the presence of eating disorders. These findings will help to screen ultraendurance athletes at risk for ED and optimize their care.
运动依赖（ED）在耐力运动员中很常见，可导致身体和心理困扰，出现各种健康影响。我们设计了一项前瞻性的横断面研究，以调查与超长耐力运动员 ED 相关的人格特征。共有 507 名参与者（41.6（9.8）岁，男性：73.7%）完成了以下内容：（1）一份关于社会人口统计学数据、运动习惯和医疗保健数据的筛选问卷，（2）修订后的运动依赖量表（EDS-R，21 项，评分范围为 1（从不）至 6（总是），7 个分量表），（3）大五人格量表（BFI），以及（4）SCOFF（节食-控制-一块石头-胖食）问卷的 2 项，以评估可能的饮食失调。根据 EDS-R 评分，37 名（7.3%）参与者存在 ED 风险（≥3 个分量表上≥5/6 的分数），366 名（72.2%）为非依赖性但有症状（≥3 个分量表上≥3/6 的分数），104 名（20.5%）无症状。ED 患者的训练量更大，可能出现饮食失调的比例更高。神经质水平越高，EDS-R 评分越高（r = 0.294；p < 0.001），ED 组的评分显著更高（F = 14.50，p < 0.001）。神经质与 ED 之间的关联不受饮食失调的影响。这些发现将有助于筛查 ED 风险较高的超长耐力运动员，并优化他们的护理。
