Department of Molecular Biology and Biochemistry Engineering, Area of Nutrition and Food Sciences, Pablo de Olavide University, Carretera de Utrera Km 1, 41013 Seville, Spain.
Alimentta, Think Tank para la Transición Alimentaria, 18320 Santa Fe, Spain.
Int J Environ Res Public Health. 2023 Jan 16;20(2):1642. doi: 10.3390/ijerph20021642.
Official population consumption data are frequently used to characterize the diet of countries; however, this information may not always be representative of reality. This study analyses the food consumption of the Spanish population by reconstructing the whole food chain. The results have been compared with the data provided by the National Consumption Panel to which the food losses/waste reported in the literature along the distribution chain have been added. The difference between them allowed a new calculation of the estimated food consumption that was subjected to a dietary-nutritional analysis. Most of the foods were consumed more than those officially reported (range of 5-50%). The unhealthy ratios of consumed foods and recommended servings were: meat products (Rcr = 3.6), fruits and legumes (Rcr = 0.5), and nuts (Rcr = 0.14). Caloric intake surpasses needs. The results were consistent with the data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity in Spain, as well as with the prevalence of associated diseases. To make a judgment about the quality of a country's diet, it is necessary to have reliable data on food consumption, as well as energy and nutrient intake. This study encourages other authors to implement this method to verify and quantify the possible difference between official and real consumption data.
官方人口消费数据常用于描述国家的饮食；然而，这些信息并不总是代表实际情况。本研究通过重建整个食物链来分析西班牙人口的食物消费。将文献中报告的在分配链中损失/浪费的食物添加到国家消费面板的数据中，将结果与该数据进行了比较。它们之间的差异允许对估计的食物消费进行新的计算，并对其进行饮食营养分析。大部分食物的消耗量超过了官方报告的量（范围为 5-50%）。食用食物与推荐份量的不健康比例为：肉类产品（Rcr = 3.6）、水果和豆类（Rcr = 0.5）和坚果（Rcr = 0.14）。卡路里摄入量超过了需求。结果与西班牙超重和肥胖的流行率以及相关疾病的流行率数据一致。要判断一个国家饮食的质量，有必要有关于食物消费以及能量和营养素摄入的可靠数据。本研究鼓励其他作者实施这种方法，以验证和量化官方和实际消费数据之间可能存在的差异。
