Goodarzi Parniyan, Habibi Mohammad, Gorton Matthew William, Walsh Katherine, Tarkesh Firoozeh, Fuhrig Mallory, Pezeshki Adel
Department of Animal and Food Sciences, Oklahoma State University, Stillwater, OK 74078, USA.
Metabolites. 2023 Jan 5;13(1):89. doi: 10.3390/metabo13010089.
A mixture of valine (Val) and isoleucine (Ile) not only decreases the negative impact of very low protein (VLP) diets on the growth of pigs, but also influences the nitrogen (N) balance and lipid metabolism; however, the underlying pathways are not well understood. This study aimed to investigate the effect of dietary Val and Ile on lipogenesis, lipolysis, and ureagenesis under protein restriction. After one week of acclimation, forty three-week-old pigs were randomly assigned to following dietary treatments ( = 8/group) for 5 weeks: positive control (PC): normal protein diet; negative control (NC): VLP diet; HV: NC supplemented with Val; HI: NC supplemented with Ile; and HVI: NC supplemented with both Val and Ile. HVI partially improved the body weight and completely recovered the feed intake (FI) of pigs fed with NC. HVI increased thermal radiation and improved the glucose clearance. HVI had a lower blood triglyceride than PC and blood urea N than NC. NC and HV promoted lipogenesis by increasing the transcript of () in the liver and () in adipose tissue but reducing () in the liver. HVI reduced the increased rate of lipogenesis induced by the NC group through normalizing the mRNA abundance of hepatic , , and and in adipose tissue. NC, HV, HI, and HVI reduced the ureagenesis by decreasing the protein abundance of , and in the liver. Overall, HVI improved the growth, FI, and glucose clearance, and decreased the rate of lipogenesis induced by VLP diets.
缬氨酸（Val）和异亮氨酸（Ile）的混合物不仅能降低极低蛋白（VLP）日粮对猪生长的负面影响，还能影响氮（N）平衡和脂质代谢；然而，其潜在途径尚不清楚。本研究旨在探讨蛋白质限制条件下日粮缬氨酸和异亮氨酸对脂肪生成、脂肪分解和尿素生成的影响。适应一周后，将40头3周龄仔猪随机分为以下日粮处理组（每组n = 8），为期5周：阳性对照（PC）：正常蛋白日粮；阴性对照（NC）：VLP日粮；HV：在NC基础上补充缬氨酸；HI：在NC基础上补充异亮氨酸；HVI：在NC基础上同时补充缬氨酸和异亮氨酸。HVI部分改善了NC组仔猪的体重，并完全恢复了其采食量（FI）。HVI增加了热辐射并改善了葡萄糖清除率。HVI的血甘油三酯水平低于PC组，血尿素氮水平低于NC组。NC和HV通过增加肝脏中（）和脂肪组织中（）的转录本，但降低肝脏中（）来促进脂肪生成。HVI通过使肝脏和脂肪组织中、和的mRNA丰度正常化，降低了NC组诱导的脂肪生成增加率。NC、HV、HI和HVI通过降低肝脏中、和的蛋白丰度来减少尿素生成。总体而言，HVI改善了生长、FI和葡萄糖清除率，并降低了VLP日粮诱导的脂肪生成率。
