Sinsuebchuea Jiramaetha, Paenkaew Prasobsook, Wutthiin Montree, Nantanaranon Thatchawanon, Laeman Kiattiyot, Kittichotirat Weerayuth, Wattanachaisaereekul Songsak, Dulsawat Sudarat, Nopharatana Montira, Vorapreeda Namol, Bhumiratana Sakarindr, Cheevadhanarak Supapon, Sutheeworapong Sawannee
Bioinformatics and Systems Biology Program, School of Bioresources and Technology, and School of Information Technology, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10150, Thailand.
Systems Biology and Bioinformatics Unit, Pilot Plant Development and Training Institute, King Mongkut's University of Technology Thonburi (KMUTT), Bangkok 10150, Thailand.
Microorganisms. 2023 Jan 5;11(1):136. doi: 10.3390/microorganisms11010136.
Gut microbiota play vital roles in human health, utilizing indigestible nutrients, producing essential substances, regulating the immune system, and inhibiting pathogen growth. Gut microbial profiles are dependent on populations, geographical locations, and long-term dietary patterns resulting in individual uniqueness. Gut microbiota can be classified into enterotypes based on their patterns. Understanding gut enterotype enables us to interpret the capability in macronutrient digestion, essential substance production, and microbial co-occurrence. However, there is still no detailed characterization of gut microbiota enterotype in urban Thai people. In this study, we characterized the gut microbiota of urban Thai individuals by amplicon sequencing and classified their profiles into enterotypes, including (EnP) and (EnB) enterotypes. Enterotypes were associated with lifestyle, dietary habits, bacterial diversity, differential taxa, and microbial pathways. Microbe-microbe interactions have been studied via co-occurrence networks. EnP had lower α-diversities than those in EnB. A correlation analysis revealed that the genus, the predominant taxa of EnP, has a negative correlation with α-diversities. Microbial function enrichment analysis revealed that the biosynthesis pathways of B vitamins and fatty acids were significantly enriched in EnP and EnB, respectively. Interestingly, Ruminococcaceae, resistant starch degraders, were the hubs of both enterotypes, and strongly correlated with microbial diversity, suggesting that traditional Thai food, consisting of rice and vegetables, might be the important drivers contributing to the gut microbiota uniqueness in urban Thai individuals. Overall findings revealed the biological uniqueness of gut enterotype in urban Thai people, which will be advantageous for developing gut microbiome-based diagnostic tools.
肠道微生物群在人类健康中发挥着至关重要的作用，它们利用难以消化的营养物质、产生必需物质、调节免疫系统并抑制病原体生长。肠道微生物谱取决于种群、地理位置和长期饮食模式，从而导致个体独特性。肠道微生物群可根据其模式分为肠型。了解肠道肠型有助于我们解读在宏量营养素消化、必需物质产生和微生物共生方面的能力。然而，泰国城市人群的肠道微生物群肠型仍没有详细的特征描述。在本研究中，我们通过扩增子测序对泰国城市个体的肠道微生物群进行了特征描述，并将其谱型分为肠型，包括普氏粪杆菌肠型（EnP）和拟杆菌肠型（EnB）。肠型与生活方式、饮食习惯、细菌多样性、差异分类群和微生物途径相关。通过共生网络研究了微生物与微生物之间的相互作用。EnP的α多样性低于EnB。相关性分析表明，作为EnP主要分类群的普氏菌属与α多样性呈负相关。微生物功能富集分析表明，B族维生素和脂肪酸的生物合成途径分别在EnP和EnB中显著富集。有趣的是，作为抗性淀粉降解菌的瘤胃球菌科是两种肠型的核心，并且与微生物多样性密切相关，这表明由米饭和蔬菜组成的传统泰国食物可能是导致泰国城市个体肠道微生物群独特性的重要驱动因素。总体研究结果揭示了泰国城市人群肠道肠型的生物学独特性，这将有利于开发基于肠道微生物组的诊断工具。
