Zhang Mengde, Zhang Chao, Li Zhao, Fu Xiaobing, Huang Sha
Research Center for Tissue Repair and Regeneration affiliated to the Medical Innovation Research Department, PLA General Hospital and PLA Medical College, 28 Fu Xing Road, Beijing 100853, China.
School of Medicine, Nankai University, 94 Wei Jing Road, Tianjin 300071, China.
Regen Biomater. 2022 Dec 19;10:rbac105. doi: 10.1093/rb/rbac105. eCollection 2023.
Even with many advances in design strategies over the past three decades, an enormous gap remains between existing tissue engineering skin and natural skin. Currently available skin models still cannot replicate the three-dimensionality and heterogeneity of the dermal microenvironment sufficiently to recapitulate many of the known characteristics of skin disorder or disease . Three-dimensional (3D) bioprinting enables precise control over multiple compositions, spatial distributions and architectural complexity, therefore offering hope for filling the gap of structure and function between natural and artificial skin. Our understanding of wound healing process and skin disease would thus be boosted by the development of models that could more completely capture the heterogeneous features of skin biology. Here, we provide an overview of recent advances in 3D skin bioprinting, as well as design concepts of cells and bioinks suitable for the bioprinting process. We focus on the applications of this technology for engineering physiological or pathological skin model, focusing more specifically on the function of skin appendages and vasculature. We conclude with current challenges and the technical perspective for further development of 3D skin bioprinting.
尽管在过去三十年里设计策略取得了诸多进展，但现有的组织工程皮肤与天然皮肤之间仍存在巨大差距。目前可用的皮肤模型仍无法充分复制真皮微环境的三维性和异质性，以重现许多已知的皮肤紊乱或疾病特征。三维（3D）生物打印能够精确控制多种成分、空间分布和结构复杂性，因此为填补天然皮肤与人工皮肤之间的结构和功能差距带来了希望。能够更完整地捕捉皮肤生物学异质性特征的模型的开发，将有助于我们对伤口愈合过程和皮肤疾病的理解。在此，我们概述了3D皮肤生物打印的最新进展，以及适用于生物打印过程的细胞和生物墨水的设计概念。我们重点介绍了该技术在构建生理或病理皮肤模型方面的应用，更具体地关注皮肤附属器和脉管系统的功能。最后，我们讨论了当前的挑战以及3D皮肤生物打印进一步发展的技术前景。
