Kaur Manpreet, Bhatia Surekha, Gupta Urmila, Decker Eric, Tak Yamini, Bali Manoj, Gupta Vijai Kumar, Dar Rouf Ahmad, Bala Saroj
Department of Biochemistry, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India.
Department of Processing and Food Engineering, Punjab Agricultural University, Ludhiana, Punjab 141004 India.
Phytochem Rev. 2023 Jan 14:1-31. doi: 10.1007/s11101-022-09848-7.
The rapid increase in global population and shrinkage of agricultural land necessitates the use of cost-effective renewable sources as alternative to excessive resource-demanding agricultural crops. Microalgae seem to be a potential substitute as it rapidly produces large biomass that can serve as a good source of various functional ingredients that are not produced/synthesized inside the human body and high-value nonessential bioactive compounds. Microalgae-derived bioactive metabolites possess various bioactivities including antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, anti-carcinogenic, anti-hypertensive, anti-lipidemic, and anti-diabetic activities, thereof rapidly elevating their demand as interesting option in pharmaceuticals, nutraceuticals and functional foods industries for developing new products. However, their utilization in these sectors has been limited. This demands more research to explore the functionality of microalgae derived functional ingredients. Therefore, in this review, we intended to furnish up-to-date knowledge on prospects of bioactive metabolites from microalgae, their bioactivities related to health, the process of microalgae cultivation and harvesting, extraction and purification of bioactive metabolites, role as dietary supplements or functional food, their commercial applications in nutritional and pharmaceutical industries and the challenges in this area of research.
全球人口的快速增长和农业用地的减少使得有必要使用具有成本效益的可再生资源，以替代对资源需求过大的农作物。微藻似乎是一种潜在的替代品，因为它能迅速产生大量生物质，这些生物质可作为多种功能性成分的良好来源，这些成分在人体内无法产生/合成，同时微藻还能产生高价值的非必需生物活性化合物。微藻衍生的生物活性代谢产物具有多种生物活性，包括抗氧化、抗炎、抗菌、抗癌、抗高血压、抗血脂和抗糖尿病活性，因此，作为开发新产品的有趣选择，它们在制药、营养保健品和功能性食品行业的需求迅速增加。然而，它们在这些领域的应用一直受到限制。这就需要更多的研究来探索微藻衍生的功能性成分的功能。因此，在这篇综述中，我们旨在提供有关微藻生物活性代谢产物的前景、它们与健康相关的生物活性、微藻培养和收获过程、生物活性代谢产物的提取和纯化、作为膳食补充剂或功能性食品的作用、它们在营养和制药行业的商业应用以及该研究领域面临的挑战的最新知识。
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