Fernandez-Quintela Alfredo, Macarulla María Teresa, Gómez-Zorita Saioa, González Marcela, Milton-Laskibar Iñaki, Portillo María P
Nutrition and Obesity Group, Department of Nutrition and Food Science, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU) and Lucio Lascaray Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Bioaraba Health Research Institute, Vitoria-Gasteiz, Spain.
Front Nutr. 2023 Jan 6;9:1084702. doi: 10.3389/fnut.2022.1084702. eCollection 2022.
Although a general healthy gut microbiota cannot be defined due to numerous internal and external individual factors, such as sex, age, ethnicity, genetics, environment, diet and drugs affect its composition, certain microbial species and gut microbiota compositions seem to be related to the progression of insulin resistance to type 2 diabetes, as well as the development of microvascular and macrovascular complications of diabetes. The present review aimed at gathering the reported information describing how resveratrol induced changes in microbiota composition can mediate the positive effects of this polyphenol on glucose homeostasis under type 2 diabetic conditions, both in animals and humans. Based on the fact that some changes observed in the gut microbiota of type 2 diabetic animals and patients are reversed by resveratrol treatment, and taking into account that some resveratrol mediated changes in gut microbiota composition are similar to those induced by anti-diabetic drugs such as metformin, it can be proposed that four genera, and could be involved in the benefits of resveratrol on glycameic control. Nevertheless some limitations are observed in this research field: (a) the number of studies analyzing both the effects of resveratrol on glucose homeostasis and microbiota composition in the same cohort of animals, in order to know the potential involvement of microbiota in the anti-diabetic effects of this phenolic compound, are very scarce and practically inexistent in the case of humans., (b) the studies present inconsistencies concerning the effects of resveratrol on gut microbiota changes, (c) the experimental design used do not allow the researchers to establish a causal relationship between the changes in microbiota and the anti-diabetic effect, in the vast majority of the studies, (d) the knowledge about the role of each type of bacteria on glycaemic control is not sufficient so far.
尽管由于众多内部和外部个体因素，如性别、年龄、种族、遗传、环境、饮食和药物会影响肠道微生物群的组成，无法定义一个普遍健康的肠道微生物群，但某些微生物种类和肠道微生物群组成似乎与胰岛素抵抗向2型糖尿病的进展以及糖尿病微血管和大血管并发症的发生有关。本综述旨在收集已报道的信息，描述白藜芦醇诱导的微生物群组成变化如何介导这种多酚在2型糖尿病条件下对动物和人类葡萄糖稳态的积极作用。基于2型糖尿病动物和患者肠道微生物群中观察到的一些变化可通过白藜芦醇治疗逆转这一事实，并考虑到白藜芦醇介导的肠道微生物群组成变化与二甲双胍等抗糖尿病药物诱导的变化相似，可以提出四个属， 和 可能参与了白藜芦醇对血糖控制的有益作用。然而，该研究领域存在一些局限性：（a）分析白藜芦醇对同一组动物的葡萄糖稳态和微生物群组成影响的研究数量非常少，在人类研究中几乎不存在，以便了解微生物群在这种酚类化合物抗糖尿病作用中的潜在参与情况。（b） 关于白藜芦醇对肠道微生物群变化影响的研究存在不一致之处，（c）在绝大多数研究中，所使用的实验设计不允许研究人员在微生物群变化与抗糖尿病作用之间建立因果关系，（d）到目前为止，关于每种细菌对血糖控制作用的知识还不够充分。
