Department of Psychiatry, National Clinical Research Center on Mental Disorders, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
National Technology Institute On Mental Disorders, the Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, China.
BMC Public Health. 2023 Jan 23;23(1):151. doi: 10.1186/s12889-023-15057-4.
Depressive symptoms are highly prevalent among people living with HIV (PLWH). We leveraged Latent Profile Analysis (LPA) to identify profiles of depressive symptoms among PLWHs. We also investigated differences in psychological factors of interest, demographic characteristics, and HIV-related factors across patients' profiles.
A cross-sectional study was conducted at one hospital and two designated prison facilities in Hunan province, China. A total sample of 533 PLWHs (320 recruited from the hospital, 213 recruited from prisons) completed the survey. Depressive symptoms were assessed using the 9-item Patient Health Questionnaire (PHQ-9). Family function, resilience, childhood trauma, demographic characteristics, and HIV-related factors were also evaluated. We conducted LPA and multinomial logistic regression analyses to: 1) identify distinct profiles for depressive symptoms; 2) identify demographic characteristics, and HIV-related, and psychological factors predicting PLWHs' likelihood to express a specific profile.
We identified three distinct profiles of depressive symptoms among PLWHs: severe symptoms (11.8%), moderate symptoms (40.5%), and low/no symptoms (47.7%). Moderate/ severe family dysfunction, low resilience, experiencing emotional abuse and neglect were more likely to fall in the "severe symptoms" rather than the "low/no symptoms" profile. In addition, severe family dysfunction, low resilience, and experiencing emotional neglect indicated a higher likelihood of being classified in the "moderate symptoms" profile, compared to the "low/no symptoms" profile.
Identifying profiles of depressive symptoms among PLWHs using the PHQ-9 items allows for understanding of the distinct paths of development of depressive symptoms and for developing tailored prevention and intervention programs for PLWHs.
抑郁症状在 HIV 感染者（PLWH）中普遍存在。我们利用潜在剖面分析（LPA）来确定 PLWH 抑郁症状的模式。我们还研究了患者特征不同的心理因素、人口统计学特征和 HIV 相关因素。
横断面研究在湖南省的一家医院和两家指定的监狱设施进行。共纳入 533 名 PLWH（320 名来自医院，213 名来自监狱）完成了调查。使用 9 项患者健康问卷（PHQ-9）评估抑郁症状。家庭功能、韧性、儿童创伤、人口统计学特征和 HIV 相关因素也进行了评估。我们进行了潜在剖面分析和多变量逻辑回归分析，以：1）确定抑郁症状的不同模式；2）确定人口统计学特征、HIV 相关和心理因素预测 PLWH 表达特定模式的可能性。
我们在 PLWH 中确定了三种不同的抑郁症状模式：严重症状（11.8%）、中度症状（40.5%）和低/无症状（47.7%）。中度/严重的家庭功能障碍、低韧性、经历情感虐待和忽视更有可能属于“严重症状”，而不是“低/无症状”模式。此外，与“低/无症状”模式相比，严重的家庭功能障碍、低韧性和经历情感忽视预示着更有可能被归类为“中度症状”模式。
使用 PHQ-9 项目识别 PLWH 中的抑郁症状模式可以理解抑郁症状发展的不同途径，并为 PLWH 制定有针对性的预防和干预计划。
