Tangy Frédéric, Tournier Jean-Nicolas
Laboratoire d'innovation vaccinale, Université de Paris, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France.
Laboratoire d'innovation vaccinale, Université de Paris, Institut Pasteur, 28 rue du Dr Roux, 75724 Paris cedex 15, France - Département Microbiologie et maladies infectieuses, Institut de recherche biomédicale des armées (IRBA), 1 place général Valérie André, 91220 Brétigny-sur-Orge, France - École du Val-de-Grâce, 1 place Alphonse Laveran, 75005 Paris, France.
Med Sci (Paris). 2022 Dec;38(12):1052-1060. doi: 10.1051/medsci/2022168. Epub 2022 Dec 13.
Viruses have been used as tools to prevent viral infections themselves for more than two centuries with impressive success. After the empirical discoveries of the first vaccines, today the development of genetic engineering, molecular virology, reverse genetics, the manipulation of viral genomes, their high-throughput sequencing and their chemical synthesis, the mastery of cell culture and purification methods have greatly benefited the development of viral vaccines. Since smallpox and rabies, the history of vaccinology has followed in the footsteps of the history of virology. New mRNA or viral vector vaccines have emerged in recent years. They were developed and distributed to the population in record time in the face of the Covid pandemic. Viruses in the service of health have a bright future ahead of them, whether to prevent other pandemics, to treat cancer, or to finally control HIV and malaria.
两个多世纪以来，病毒一直被用作预防病毒感染的工具，并取得了令人瞩目的成功。在第一批疫苗的经验性发现之后，如今基因工程、分子病毒学、反向遗传学、病毒基因组的操纵、高通量测序及其化学合成的发展，以及细胞培养和纯化方法的掌握，都极大地促进了病毒疫苗的开发。自天花和狂犬病疫苗问世以来，疫苗学的历史一直紧跟病毒学的发展步伐。近年来，新型mRNA或病毒载体疫苗相继出现。面对新冠疫情，它们在创纪录的时间内研发并投入使用。用于健康事业的病毒有着光明的前景，无论是预防其他大流行疾病、治疗癌症，还是最终控制艾滋病毒和疟疾。
